AFRM Affirm Holdings, Inc. Class A Common Stock
XNAS
74.01
Delayed
Stock quote, options chain, IV rank, technicals, AI analysis, and institutional ownership. Iron condor setups Expected move IV rank history Fibonacci levels Insider trading
Market data may be delayed, incomplete, or inaccurate. Not a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold any security. Verify quotes with your broker before trading. See Terms §17.
AFRM
$74.01
—
Key stats
$74.01
- 52-Week Range
- $42.09 – $90.44
- YTD
- -0.03%
- IV Rank (30D)
- 94.52
- Straddle Price
- $12.57
- P/C Vol Ratio
- 1.53
- Market Cap
- $25.6B
- Open
- $76.24
- Day Range
- $72.73 – $78.22
- Volume
- 3,637,333
- Prev Close
- $75.92
Fair Value
MODEL: NEUTRAL
A blended fair-value estimate combining up to six valuation methods. Each method is weighted by how well it fits the company — DCF down-weights for unprofitable names; DDM only fires for steady dividend payers; comparables down-weight when peer multiples disagree.
- DCF (quality-aware) — projects free cash flow with a horizon that scales to business quality. True compounders (quality 6/6) get 10 years explicit + 10 years fade before terminal; cyclical/struggling names (quality 0-1) get a 5-year terminal cliff. Quality is scored from ROE, gross margin, growth, FCF margin, debt load, and FCF consistency — the same factors that drive market premium for compounders.
- Market-Implied Growth (in Model Inputs) — reverse-DCF that answers "what growth rate is the market pricing in?". Lets you sanity-check the deviation: if implied growth is plausible for the business, the model's bearish flag may be wrong; if implausible, the market may be over-extrapolating.
- DDM (Gordon Growth Dividend Model) — values the stream of future dividends. Only used when trailing yield ≥ 2% and dividend payments are stable — below that the dividend is a token payout and Gordon (which values only the dividend stream) systematically underprices growth names, so those route to DCF + comparables + market anchor instead.
- P/E, EV/EBITDA, P/B, P/S — applies the peer-group median multiple to this company's per-share metric. Peers come from the same set as the "Related symbols" card. Earnings/sales metrics are forward-tilted by the company's recent revenue growth (capped at 25%) so they're comparable to peers' growth-embedded multiples — mimics how analysts use NTM rather than TTM. Per-multiple weights are biased by company quality (e.g. P/B down-weighted for asset-light tech).
- Market Anchor (SMA50) — the 50-day moving average, weighted by recent trading-range stability (tighter Bollinger bands → higher weight). Captures information fundamentals miss (forward consensus, sentiment, supply/demand) — but only when recent trading is steady enough that the market has converged on a view. During wild breakouts or breakdowns the anchor's weight collapses.
- Options Expected (B-L 30d) — the risk-neutral expected stock price at 30-day options expiration, derived from the full implied-volatility surface via Breeden-Litzenberger (second derivative of call price wrt strike → implied PDF, then E[S_T]). Forward-looking, captures all options-implied information (smile, skew, term structure) in one number. Weighted by chain liquidity. SP500-only at present (pre-computed daily). Backtest evidence: adds modest alpha across most bucket × holding combos.
- Blended value — weighted average. Confidence reflects how many methods fired and how tight peer dispersion is.
- Deviation pill — green when blended FV ≥ 10% above current price (undervalued); red when ≥ 10% below; grey otherwise.
| 10-yr Treasury (rf) | 5.21% |
| Beta vs SPY | 2.55 |
| Cost of Equity (CAPM) | 19.26% (VRP-adj) |
| WACC | 15.35% |
| Volatility Risk Premium | +14.4pp (IV − HV30), ERP adj +50bps |
| Effective Tax Rate | 21.0% |
| Rev. Growth (YoY, DCF input) | +26.4% |
| DCF Horizon | 12 years explicit + fade |
| Forward Tilt (NTM/TTM) | ×1.10 (applied to P/E, EV/EBITDA, P/S) |
| Free Cash Flow (TTM) | $1.0B |
| Return on Equity (TTM) | 35.2% |
| Book / Price | 20.7% |
| Gross Margin (TTM) | 100.0% |
| FCF Margin (TTM) | 68.7% |
| Debt / Equity | 1.79 |
| Quality Score | 5/6 — high quality (12y DCF) |
| Market-Implied Growth | +29.6% (reverse-DCF on current price) |
| SMA 50 | $73.76 (Market Anchor value) |
| SMA 20 / Bollinger Mid | $72.89 |
| Bollinger Width / SMA20 | 27.6% (drives anchor stability) |
| Net Debt | $8.2B |
| Market Cap | $26B |
Peers used for multiples: AXP, CHYM, COF, COIN, HOOD, MA, V, XYZ
60-Day Conviction
19%
20-Day Fair Value
≈ by Nov 16, 2026
$74.11
α +0.1%
rank 62%
conviction
8%
40-Day Fair Value
≈ by Dec 15, 2026
$74.00
α -0.0%
rank 63%
conviction
1%
60-Day Fair Value
≈ by Jan 13, 2027
$74.33
α +0.4%
rank 68%
conviction
19%
| Method | Implied Price | Weight | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| DCF | $59.98 | 32% | |
| DDM (Gordon) | n/a | 0% | |
| Peer P/E | $223.39 | 15% | median 36.8× · 6 peers |
| Peer EV/EBITDA | n/a | 0% | median 26.3× · 8 peers |
| Peer P/B | $109.02 | 3% | median 6.9× · 8 peers |
| Peer P/S | $26.70 | 10% | median 5.9× · 8 peers |
| Market Anchor (SMA50) | $73.76 | 8% | stability 12% (BB-width) |
| Options Expected (B-L 30d) | $75.62 | 32% | 28 strikes · skew +0.23 |
As of 2026-10-16 · updated
Related
About
- Industry (SIC)
- PERSONAL CREDIT INSTITUTIONS (6141) · industry map
- Exchange
- XNAS
- Market Cap
- $25.6B
- Employees
- 2,358
- List Date
- 2021-01-13
- CIK
- 0001820953
- Next Earnings
- 2026-11-05 (After-Close)
- EPS Forecast
- $0.35 (8 est.)
- Headquarters
- San Francisco, CA
- Homepage
- https://www.affirm.com
Founded in 2012, Affirm is a market leader in the buy now, pay later space with around $36 billion in transaction volume in fiscal 2025. Affirm offers both zero-interest financing, which is merchant-subsidized, and interest-bearing loans, which function as personal loans that are approved on a per-transaction basis. Over 70% of Affirm's transaction volume comes from its interest-bearing loans, which also constitute the majority of its revenue. Affirm primarily operates in the United States, which accounted for more than 95% of its revenue in 2025, but it has also expanded to Canada and the Uni…
Summary
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composite
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No summary data available for this symbol yet.
Each spoke is this symbol's rank within its sector (0–100; the dotted ring marks the sector median at 50). Higher is more constructive for a long. One spoke — News sentiment — is an absolute reading, not a sector rank. Grayed spokes have no data. A fuller shape is a summary, not a recommendation.
Chart
Seasonality
| Month | '21 | '22 | '23 | '24 | '25 | '26 | Avg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 2.42% | -32.71% | 77.91% | -13.07% | -2.30% | -18.55% | 2.28% |
| Feb | -13.52% | -38.00% | -23.14% | -5.42% | 7.13% | -24.21% | -16.19% |
| Mar | -22.66% | 9.25% | -10.63% | -1.97% | -26.95% | -1.82% | -9.13% |
| Apr | -1.33% | -38.43% | -12.67% | -8.47% | 9.34% | 41.15% | -1.74% |
| May | -8.94% | -6.13% | 48.75% | -8.87% | 4.32% | 9.05% | 6.36% |
| Jun | 7.73% | -25.74% | 5.14% | 4.86% | 30.70% | 11.85% | 5.76% |
| Jul | -17.62% | 56.14% | 20.29% | -5.16% | 2.18% | -15.66% | 6.70% |
| Aug | 48.88% | -13.77% | 6.12% | 66.58% | 33.20% | -1.56% | 23.24% |
| Sep | 23.48% | -19.00% | -2.70% | -1.85% | -11.12% | -1.02% | -2.03% |
| Oct | 37.89% | 5.58% | -13.89% | 13.96% | -3.41% | 5.08%* | 7.54% |
| Nov | -17.02% | -28.47% | 95.40% | 61.99% | -1.57% | -- | 22.07% |
| Dec | -13.73% | -32.89% | 30.45% | -10.95% | 7.77% | -- | -3.87% |
| Total | -0.88% | -89.19% | 355.03% | 79.70% | 41.28% | -9.90% | 62.67% |
Technical Indicators
Quick-reference for reading the values below. Indicators combine to confirm a view — no single one is a trade signal on its own.
Trend Indicators
- SMA 20 / 50 / 200 — price above = uptrend, below = downtrend. SMA 50 crossing SMA 200 is the golden/death cross.
- EMA 12 / 26 — faster-reacting averages; 12 above 26 is short-term bullish.
- MACD — bullish when MACD > signal (green badge), bearish when below. Divergence from price often precedes reversals.
- ADX (14) — trend strength regardless of direction. <20 range, 20–25 weak trend, 25–50 trend, >50 strong trend.
- +DI / −DI — +DI > −DI favors bulls; the reverse favors bears. Read alongside ADX.
Momentum Oscillators
- RSI (14) — <30 oversold, >70 overbought. 40–60 is neutral; trending names can stay extreme.
- Stochastic %K / %D — <20 oversold, >80 overbought. %K crossing %D is an early momentum signal.
- Williams %R — inverted scale: <−80 oversold, >−20 overbought.
Oscillators work best in range-bound markets; in strong trends they give premature reversal signals.
Volume & Volatility
- Bollinger Bands — price at upper band = overbought, lower = oversold. Narrow bands (squeeze) often precede expansion.
- OBV — cumulative volume; rising OBV confirms uptrend, falling OBV confirms downtrend. Divergence from price is a warning.
- Vol SMA 20 / Vol ROC — today's volume vs. 20-day average. Positive ROC with price move = conviction.
- ATR / True Range — average daily $ move; sizing and stop-loss reference.
- HV 20 / 30 / 60 — realized (historical) volatility. Compare to IV on the options cards: IV > HV = rich premium.
Confluence matters: trend + momentum + volume agreeing carries far more weight than any single indicator. For how these feed the spread scanner score, see the algorithm docs →
Trend Indicators
SMA 20: $73.03
SMA 50: $73.71
SMA 200: $66.81
Current: $74.01
EMA 12: $74.66
EMA 26: $73.82
MACD: 0.8356 | Signal: 0.2207
BULLISH
ADX (14): 12.36
RANGE
+DI: 23.43
−DI: 25.86
Momentum Oscillators
RSI (14): 50.35
NEUTRAL
Stoch %K: 44.20
Stoch %D: 52.41
Williams %R: -52.09
Volume & Volatility
BB Upper: $80.33
BB Lower: $65.73
NEUTRAL
OBV: 176,450,872
Vol SMA 20: 4,248,458
Vol ROC: 44.19%
ATR: $4.05
True Range: $5.49
HV 20: 66.0%
HV 30: 59.6%
HV 60: 56.3%
Data Summary
Data Points: 500
Last Updated:
Date Range: 2024-10-18T00:00:00 – 2026-10-16T00:00:00
AI Analysis
Here is my response in the required format:
Executive Summary
BULLISH (Confidence level: 6/10)
Key drivers: Strong recent earnings, positive news sentiment, and a growing merchant network.
Primary risks: High volatility, potential for overbought conditions, and competition from other fintech companies.
Investment thesis: AFRM's strong growth momentum, driven by its expanding merchant network and AI-powered credit underwriting, could continue to drive stock price higher. However, the high volatility and potential for overbought conditions need to be closely monitored.
Recent news sentiment impact: The positive news headlines have had a bullish impact on the stock price, with the sentiment analysis indicating a strong overall positive bias.
Technical Analysis
Trend Direction: Short-term (1-4 weeks) - BEARISH; Medium-term (1-3 months) - NEUTRAL; Long-term (3-12 months) - BULLISH
Support/Resistance Levels: Key price levels from moving averages and technical patterns:
- SMA 20: $73.34
- SMA 50: $74.94
- SMA 200: $66.70
- EMA 12: $71.87
- EMA 26: $73.12
Momentum Signals:
- RSI interpretation (overbought >70, oversold <30, neutral 30-70): 45.69 (neutral)
- MACD signal (bullish/bearish crossover): -1.26 / Signal: -0.13 / Histogram: -1.13 (bearish)
- Bollinger Bands position (squeeze, breakout, mean reversion): Neutral
Volume Analysis: Volume trends and institutional interest signals:
- Volume SMA 20: 5924345.25
- On-Balance Volume (OBV): 170522508.17
- Volume Rate of Change: -4.58%
News & Sentiment Analysis
Recent Headlines Summary: Key themes from last 10 news articles:
1-5. Positive news headlines emphasizing Affirm's strong earnings, growing merchant network, and AI-powered credit underwriting.
- Neutral headline discussing SoFi's product flywheel and its potential impact on SOFI stock.
Sentiment Assessment: Aggregate news sentiment (positive/negative/neutral): POSITIVE
Catalyst Identification: Upcoming events:
- None mentioned in recent news headlines
Market Narrative: News aligns with technical signals, emphasizing growth momentum and potential for continued price appreciation.
Risk & Volatility Assessment
Beta Interpretation: Risk relative to market (beta >1.2 = high risk, <0.8 = defensive): 2.56 (high)
Volatility Regime: Current vs historical volatility levels: High
Options Market Signals: IV rank, put/call ratios, unusual activity:
- IV Rank: 18.3% (Low)
- Current IV: 61.4%
- Expected Move: $7.88
- Volume Flow: 2,867 calls vs 875 puts
- Open Interest: 14,161 calls vs 9,383 puts
Downside Protection: Support levels and risk management considerations:
- SMA 20: $73.34
- SMA 50: $74.94
Market Context & Positioning
Sector Performance: Relative strength vs sector/market: NEUTRAL
Institutional Activity: Volume patterns suggesting institutional interest:
- None mentioned in recent news headlines
Correlation Analysis: How stock moves relative to market (R-squared interpretation): 0.55
Relative Valuation: Position within trading range:
- Historical volatility: HV20 49.3% / HV30 52.0% / HV60 48.2%
- IV Premium vs HV30: 18.1%
Key Levels & Action Items
Critical Price Levels: Support/resistance to monitor:
- SMA 20: $73.34
- SMA 50: $74.94
- EMA 12: $71.87
- EMA 26: $73.12
Breakout/Breakdown Levels: Technical levels that could trigger significant moves:
- Upper Bollinger Band: $79.48
- Lower Bollinger Band: $67.21
Time-Sensitive Catalysts: Earnings dates, FDA approvals, product launches:
- None mentioned in recent news headlines
Risk Management: Stop-loss levels and position sizing considerations:
- SMA 20: $73.34 (stop-loss)
- Risk-reward ratio: 1:2
Generated
News
All AFRM news →
There has been an increase in the number of fintechs applying for bank charters.
Earnings History
14 of 23 under expected move
Avg Expected Move
16.11%
Avg Actual Move
14.91%
| Earnings Date | Timing | Expected Move | Actual Move | Ratio | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-02-11 | After-Close | 16.84% | 10.07% | 0.60x | Within |
| 2021-05-10 | After-Close | 16.35% | 2.72% | 0.17x | Within |
| 2021-09-09 | After-Close | 15.04% | 34.37% | 2.29x | Exceeded |
| 2021-11-10 | After-Close | 15.05% | 13.70% | 0.91x | Within |
| 2022-02-10 | After-Close | 13.46% | 20.67% | 1.54x | Exceeded |
| 2022-05-12 | After-Close | 27.66% | 31.43% | 1.14x | Exceeded |
| 2022-08-25 | After-Close | 18.35% | 21.33% | 1.16x | Exceeded |
| 2022-11-08 | After-Close | 24.17% | 22.63% | 0.94x | Within |
| 2023-02-08 | After-Close | 20.72% | 17.04% | 0.82x | Within |
| 2023-05-09 | After-Close | 19.76% | 0.41% | 0.02x | Within |
| 2023-08-24 | After-Close | 14.77% | 28.82% | 1.95x | Exceeded |
| 2023-11-08 | After-Close | 15.40% | 14.25% | 0.93x | Within |
| 2024-02-08 | After-Close | 19.00% | 10.89% | 0.57x | Within |
| 2024-05-08 | After-Close | 5.60% | 10.23% | 1.83x | Exceeded |
| 2024-08-28 | After-Close | 20.92% | 31.92% | 1.53x | Exceeded |
| 2024-11-07 | After-Close | 16.19% | 4.73% | 0.29x | Within |
| 2025-02-06 | After-Close | 16.32% | 21.81% | 1.34x | Exceeded |
| 2025-05-08 | After-Close | 13.32% | 14.47% | 1.09x | Exceeded |
| 2025-08-28 | After-Close | 14.06% | 10.59% | 0.75x | Within |
| 2025-11-06 | After-Close | 12.77% | 11.61% | 0.91x | Within |
| 2026-02-05 | After-Close | 12.96% | 4.02% | 0.31x | Within |
| 2026-05-07 | After-Close | 10.84% | 4.97% | 0.46x | Within |
| 2026-08-27 | After-Close | 10.97% | 0.35% | 0.03x | Within |
Earnings calendar: this week’s reports with expected vs actual moves →
AFRM Options Activity & IV Rank
AFRM IV rank history, 52-week IV rank and IV percentile →
Volatility Metrics
Current IV: 75.4%
7-DTE IV: 61.1%
Expected Move: $12.57
7-DTE Move: $5.01
Days to Exp: 28 (2026-11-13)
Options Flow
Call Volume: 126
Put Volume: 193
P/C Volume: 1.532
BEARISH
Call OI: 717
Put OI: 473
P/C OI: 0.66
Total OI: 1,190
ATM Options Pricing
ATM Call: $6.28
ATM Put: $6.30
Call %: 8.5%
Put %: 8.5%
Chain Summary
Chain Volume: 24,759
Chain OI: 269,607
Last Updated: 10/16/2026
Spread Scanner GPU
Each spread is ranked by a composite score built in three stages. Full documentation →
Stage 1 — Base Score (GPU scanner)
score = P(profit) × (credit / spread_width)
P(profit) from short leg delta (1 − |delta|), penalised above 85%. Credit uses mid-price to handle illiquid chains fairly.
Stage 2 — Skew Adjustment (±25% cap)
RR and BF (30-delta) from the persisted per-symbol skew snapshot — wing strikes picked by real greeks.delta, not a moneyness proxy. Put skew boosts bull puts, penalises bear calls. High butterfly boosts iron condors. Calendars are skew-neutral.
Stage 3 — Technical Overlay (±50% cap, 5 groups)
Group 1 · Directional Bias (±0.25)
- RSI <40 bullish / >60 bearish
- MACD crossover + histogram trend
- Price vs SMA 50 & SMA 200
Group 2 · Momentum (±0.10)
- Stochastic %K <20 / >80
- Williams %R <−80 / >−20
Group 3 · Volatility (up to −0.25 / +0.15)
- Blended ATR + straddle expected-move penalty
- Bollinger Band signal (+ counter-trend penalty)
- BB width — vol contraction boost for ICs
Group 4 · IV Regime (±0.15)
- IV rank ≥ 75 → strong boost for credit spreads
- IV rank < 25 → penalty (selling cheap vol)
Group 5 · Liquidity (penalty up to −0.10)
- Min open interest across all legs
- OI < 100 → −0.10 · OI < 500 → −0.05
score = base_score × skew_multiplier × tech_multiplier
Both multipliers are shown per spread. Beta is informational only — ATR already captures realized vol. Full algorithm documentation →
Enter a ticker to scan for optimal spread opportunities.
Evaluates all bull put, bear call, iron condor, and calendar spread combinations using GPU-accelerated analysis.
Dealer Positioning
TYPICAL γ
Estimated net dealer gamma is at the 42nd percentile of this name's own daily history, within its typical range. This describes current positioning; it is not a forecast or a trading signal.
Gamma percentile
42%
vs own history
GEX tilt
+0.10
OI-weighted, today
Vanna tilt
+0.48
δ-sensitivity to IV
Charm tilt
-0.59
δ-decay vs time
Vanna tilt +0.48: the estimated dealer exposure leans positive, so the modeled hedge would shift noticeably if implied volatility changed.
Charm tilt -0.59: the estimated dealer exposure leans negative, so the modeled hedge would shift noticeably as time passes and options approach expiry.
? What is this?
· 192 ATM contracts, 65k total OI
Net dealer gamma is an estimate of the aggregate gamma held by options market makers across this name's option chain, weighted by open interest. Dealer positions aren't public, so it uses a standard simplifying assumption: dealers are treated as long the calls and short the puts that are open. Actual dealer books can differ.
Gamma percentile ranks today's estimate against this name's own daily history, from 0% (the lowest reading on record) to 100% (the highest). Raw gamma scales with how much open interest a chain carries, so it isn't comparable across names; the percentile is. The badge marks the bottom 20% as low and the top 20% as high.
Tilts run from −1 to +1 and show how lopsided the estimated dealer exposure is. GEX tilt compares call gamma with put gamma. Vanna tilt describes how the hedge would shift if implied volatility changed, and charm tilt how it would shift with the passage of time.
This card describes estimated positioning and where it sits historically. It is not a forecast of price direction or volatility and not a trading signal. Market-wide view: Dealer positioning screener.
Skew (Wing IV − ATM IV)
DTE:
Wing Δ:
Wing vs ATM
IV(put wing) − IV(ATM), in vol pointsHow much the OTM put trades above (or below) the at-the-money strike. Measures the height of the put-side tail relative to ATM — i.e. how expensive crash insurance is on this name.
- Positive (typical) — wing IV > ATM IV. Standard equity put skew: portfolios bid up crash protection, so OTM puts trade richer than ATM.
- Near zero or negative (unusual) — wing IV ≤ ATM IV. Flat or inverted put side. Common when there's no fear demand, in tightly mean-reverting names, or right after an earnings catalyst clears.
- Percentile vs own 3-yr history: high = wings rich (good time to sell wing premium); low = wings cheap (good time to buy protection).
- Not directional — high or low wings don't predict up or down moves. It's a price tag on tail insurance, not a forecast.
Risk Reversal
IV(call wing) − IV(put wing), equal delta on each sideWhich side of the smile is the market paying up for? Measures the tilt of the surface — call skew vs put skew at matched deltas.
- Negative (typical) — puts richer than calls. Standard equity behavior: hedging demand makes puts carry a premium. Most large-caps sit in the −1 to −5 vol-point range.
- Strongly negative (< −5 pts) — heavy downside hedging, elevated fear, or an upcoming catalyst (earnings, FDA, macro event). Worth flagging.
- Positive — calls richer than puts. Unusual for equities; signals bullish momentum, short-squeeze positioning, or takeover/M&A speculation.
- Near zero — symmetric surface. Market sees roughly equal up/down risk. Rare for large-caps; more common in commodities and FX.
Reading them together
Wing-vs-ATM tells you how expensive the tails are. Risk Reversal tells you which side is favored. Combined:
- High wing percentile + deeply negative RR → strong put bid; stress or major event priced in. Owning protection costs a premium; selling put premium is dangerous.
- Low wing percentile + near-zero RR → complacency; insurance cheap and balanced. Good environment to add cheap downside hedges.
- Positive RR + elevated wings → call-side fear-of-missing-out; common in squeeze setups. Upside calls expensive, downside puts not bid.
14 DTE / 10d
58%
+4.7
pts
EXTREME
ATM 65.2% / Wing 69.9%
30 DTE / 10d
82%
+9.1
pts
EXTREME
ATM 77.4% / Wing 86.4%
Extreme reading.
Historically these have been contrarian — on the small set of observed earnings-day cases, large negative wing-vs-ATM gaps (calls pricing much richer than puts at the same delta) preceded sharp drops in the underlying within 1-12 days. Not financial advice and the dataset is small.
Percentile is the rank of today's reading within ~3 years of this symbol's own history. High percentile = wings are rich relative to history; not a directional signal. Skew is read off the chain in real time, not from CBOE SKEW.
Volatility Surface
Enter a ticker to render the implied volatility surface.
Volatility Smile
Enter a ticker to render the implied volatility smile.
IV Rank (7 DTE)25.2MediumOct 16
IV Rank (30 DTE)94.5HighOct 16
Straddle Price (30 DTE)$12.57Oct 16
Beta Analysis
Risk Metrics
Beta: 2.5898
Alpha: -14.82%
Correlation: 0.5497
R-Squared: 30.2%
Stock Volatility: 60.0%
Market Volatility: 12.7%
Analysis Details
Benchmark: SPY
Data Points: 251
Period: 252 trading days
Data Points: 251
Period: 252 trading days
Interpretation:
High volatility - stock moves more than market
High volatility - stock moves more than market
Beta & Alpha Over Time
Notable investors who own AFRM
5 of 37 tracked investors
| Investor | Value | Share of their portfolio | Rank | Q/Q shares | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Millennium Management Hedge fund Izzy Englander | $121.1M | #283 of 3716 | +4.2% | 13F | |
| Citadel Hedge fund Ken Griffin | $101.8M | #402 of 6285 | -69.3% | 13F | |
| Oaktree Capital Asset manager Howard Marks | $34.3M | #45 of 130 | +201.8% | 13F | |
| Renaissance Technologies Hedge fund Jim Simons | $6.1M | #1338 of 3138 | +1167.8% | 13F | |
| Rockefeller Capital Management Family office Rockefeller family | $1.1M | #1622 of 4729 | +8.2% | 13F |
Hedge funds, activists, holding companies and family offices we track, from their latest 13F (quarter-end value) and Form 4 filings in the last 3 years. Family offices · all institutions
AFRM Institutional Ownership (13F)
Latest filings — 2026-09-30
? 13F Guide
Diluted shares outstanding: 348,846,647 (as of 2026-06-30)
Institutional managers with $100M+ AUM file Form 13F-HR quarterly, due 45 days after quarter end. Holdings are reported gross at quarter-end market value — they are a snapshot, not a real-time position.
- Shares — long equity positions in this name, aggregated across share classes.
- Calls / Puts — notional value of long call / put exposure where this ticker is the underlying.
- % of Float — holder's reported shares divided by the latest diluted shares outstanding. Sums above 100% indicate large custodian / prime broker positions where the same shares are reported by multiple filers.
- Custodian badge — filers with more than 5,000 holdings are typically broker-dealers / custodians reporting customer-held shares, not active managers.
Each filer is counted once at its latest 13F-HR filing. New filings are ingested on a weekly cadence.
37 filers$686.08M notional
| # | Filer | Notional Value | % of Total | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Susquehanna International Group, LLP Custodian | $216.63M | 31.58% | 2026-06-30 |
| 2 | Jane Street Group, LLC Custodian | $138.55M | 20.20% | 2026-06-30 |
| 3 | Citadel Advisors LLC Custodian | $123.76M | 18.04% | 2026-06-30 |
| 4 | Wolverine Trading, LLC Custodian | $48.91M | 7.13% | 2025-09-30 |
| 5 | Walleye Trading LLC | $29.05M | 4.23% | 2026-06-30 |
| 6 | Militia Capital Management LLC | $28.82M | 4.20% | 2026-06-30 |
| 7 | Point72 Asset Management, L.P. | $18.14M | 2.64% | 2026-06-30 |
| 8 | SUMMIT PARTNERS PUBLIC ASSET MANAGEMENT, LLC | $13.21M | 1.93% | 2026-06-30 |
| 9 | PEAK6 LLC | $12.19M | 1.78% | 2026-06-30 |
| 10 | TUDOR INVESTMENT CORP ET AL | $9.48M | 1.38% | 2026-06-30 |
| 11 | Parallax Volatility Advisers, L.P. | $6.17M | 0.90% | 2026-06-30 |
| 12 | Barclays PLC Custodian | $5.87M | 0.86% | 2026-06-30 |
| 13 | Balyasny Asset Management L.P. | $4.49M | 0.65% | 2026-06-30 |
| 14 | Twin Tree Management, LP | $4.26M | 0.62% | 2026-06-30 |
| 15 | Walleye Capital LLC | $3.86M | 0.56% | 2026-06-30 |
| 16 | Cubist Systematic Strategies, LLC | $3.81M | 0.56% | 2025-09-30 |
| 17 | Alphadyne Asset Management LP | $3.33M | 0.48% | 2026-06-30 |
| 18 | D. E. Shaw & Co., Inc. Custodian | $2.47M | 0.36% | 2026-06-30 |
| 19 | CAPITAL FUND MANAGEMENT S.A. | $2.47M | 0.36% | 2026-06-30 |
| 20 | CAPSTONE INVESTMENT ADVISORS, LLC | $2.04M | 0.30% | 2026-06-30 |
| 21 | UBS Group AG Custodian | $1.79M | 0.26% | 2026-06-30 |
| 22 | INTERCAPITAL, LLC | $1.71M | 0.25% | 2026-06-30 |
| 23 | Millennium Management LLC Custodian | $1.09M | 0.16% | 2026-06-30 |
| 24 | K2 PRINCIPAL FUND, L.P. | $978.60K | 0.14% | 2026-06-30 |
| 25 | BNP Paribas Financial Markets Custodian | $513.76K | 0.07% | 2026-06-30 |
34 filers$773.03M notional
| # | Filer | Notional Value | % of Total | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Jane Street Group, LLC Custodian | $199.72M | 25.84% | 2026-06-30 |
| 2 | Susquehanna International Group, LLP Custodian | $142.56M | 18.44% | 2026-06-30 |
| 3 | Citadel Advisors LLC Custodian | $103.81M | 13.43% | 2026-06-30 |
| 4 | PEAK6 LLC | $44.43M | 5.75% | 2026-06-30 |
| 5 | Parallax Volatility Advisers, L.P. | $40.47M | 5.23% | 2026-06-30 |
| 6 | Wolverine Trading, LLC Custodian | $35.55M | 4.60% | 2025-09-30 |
| 7 | Flat Footed LLC | $31.80M | 4.11% | 2026-06-30 |
| 8 | BNP Paribas Financial Markets Custodian | $29.25M | 3.78% | 2026-06-30 |
| 9 | Walleye Trading LLC | $23.83M | 3.08% | 2026-06-30 |
| 10 | D. E. Shaw & Co., Inc. Custodian | $21.68M | 2.81% | 2026-06-30 |
| 11 | Point72 Asset Management, L.P. | $21.42M | 2.77% | 2026-06-30 |
| 12 | Centiva Capital, LP | $14.44M | 1.87% | 2026-06-30 |
| 13 | Goldman Sachs Group Inc Custodian | $9.79M | 1.27% | 2026-06-30 |
| 14 | Jefferies Financial Group Inc. | $8.64M | 1.12% | 2026-06-30 |
| 15 | CAPITAL FUND MANAGEMENT S.A. | $6.44M | 0.83% | 2026-06-30 |
| 16 | Twin Tree Management, LP | $5.32M | 0.69% | 2026-06-30 |
| 17 | Walleye Capital LLC | $5.08M | 0.66% | 2026-06-30 |
| 18 | Balyasny Asset Management L.P. | $4.82M | 0.62% | 2026-06-30 |
| 19 | Cubist Systematic Strategies, LLC | $4.34M | 0.56% | 2025-09-30 |
| 20 | Barclays PLC Custodian | $4.08M | 0.53% | 2026-06-30 |
| 21 | Alphadyne Asset Management LP | $3.12M | 0.40% | 2026-06-30 |
| 22 | Squarepoint Ops LLC | $3.03M | 0.39% | 2026-06-30 |
| 23 | HSBC Holdings plc Custodian | $2.85M | 0.37% | 2026-06-30 |
| 24 | TUDOR INVESTMENT CORP ET AL | $1.77M | 0.23% | 2026-06-30 |
| 25 | NOMURA HOLDINGS INC | $1.63M | 0.21% | 2026-06-30 |
AFRM Insider Trading (Form 4)
Latest: 2026-10-14Form 4 filings — insider beneficial-ownership changes by officers, directors, and 10%+ holders. Filed within 2 business days of transaction.
| Filed | Reporter | Role | Action | Shares | Avg Price | Net $ | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-14 | Robert O'Hare | Chief Financial Officer | Mixed | — | $53.96 | -$3.42M | EDGAR |
| 2026-09-18 | Libor Michalek | President | Award (A) | — | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-09-18 | Robert O'Hare | Chief Financial Officer | Award (A) | — | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-09-18 | Katherine Adkins | Chief Legal Officer | Award (A) | — | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-09-18 | Michael Linford | President | Award (A) | — | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-09-16 | Siphelele Jiyane | Chief Accounting Officer | Sell (S) | −26,980 | $72.19 | -$1.95M | EDGAR |
| 2026-09-09 | Siphelele Jiyane | Chief Accounting Officer | Sell (S) | −25,000 | $72.41 | -$1.81M | EDGAR |
| 2026-09-03 | Michael Linford | President | Mixed | +7,057 | $69.94 | -$326.1K | EDGAR |
| 2026-09-03 | Libor Michalek | President | Mixed | +5,580 | $69.94 | -$404.5K | EDGAR |
| 2026-09-03 | Katherine Adkins | Chief Legal Officer | Mixed | +5,799 | $48.52 | -$4.52M | EDGAR |
| 2026-09-03 | Siphelele Jiyane | Chief Accounting Officer | Mixed | +5,480 | $69.94 | -$248.8K | EDGAR |
| 2026-09-03 | Robert O'Hare | Chief Financial Officer | Mixed | −15,745 | $71.75 | -$1.99M | EDGAR |
| 2026-09-01 | Michael Linford | Chief Operating Officer | Mixed | — | $47.70 | -$6.70M | EDGAR |
| 2026-08-14 | Noel Bertram Watson | Director | Sell (S) | −2,000 | $77.86 | -$155.7K | EDGAR |
| 2026-08-04 | Katherine Adkins | Chief Legal Officer | Mixed | +767 | $71.51 | -$45.3K | EDGAR |
Codes: P = open-market purchase · S = open-market sale · A = grant/award · M = option exercise · F = tax withholding at vest · G = bona-fide gift · D = disposition to issuer · J = other (described in filing footnote — typically 401(k), trust, inheritance) · W = will/inheritance. Only P / S codes carry directional signal.
AFRM Insider Holdings
15 insiders · @ $74.01
Officers, directors, and 10%+ owners who have filed a Form 4 in the past two years, ranked by current disclosed exposure (shares × today's price). Shares are direct + indirect (via trusts / LLCs / spouse). Excludes unvested RSU and option grants — those aren't beneficially owned until vest.
| # | Insider | Role | Shares | Disclosed Exposure | Lifetime OM Net | Filings | Last Filed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Libor Michalek | President | 1,098,591 | $81.31M | -$100.03M | 68 | 2026-09-18 |
| 2 | Max R Levchin | Chief Executive Officer | 848,406 | $62.79M | -$166.56M | 6 | 2026-01-07 |
| 3 | Jeremy Liew | Director | 316,632 | $23.43M | -$10.05M | 13 | 2026-07-06 |
| 4 | Siphelele Jiyane | Chief Accounting Officer | 188,711 | $13.97M | -$17.30M | 60 | 2026-09-16 |
| 5 | Katherine Adkins | Chief Legal Officer | 152,439 | $11.28M | -$38.01M | 77 | 2026-09-18 |
| 6 | Michael Linford | President | 127,770 | $9.46M | -$83.83M | 86 | 2026-09-18 |
| 7 | Keith Rabois | Director | 107,238 | $7.94M | -$12.18M | 24 | 2025-05-05 |
| 8 | Christa S Quarles | Director | 69,316 | $5.13M | -$2.60M | 17 | 2026-07-06 |
| 9 | Jacqueline D Reses | Director | 49,456 | $3.66M | $0 | 12 | 2026-07-06 |
| 10 | Rodriquez Manuel Sanchez | Director | 40,172 | $2.97M | $0 | 4 | 2025-12-17 |
Lifetime OM Net = signed sum of open-market buys (P) and sells (S) over their career; excludes grants, tax withholdings, and dispositions to issuer. A large negative number is normal for long-tenured executives — they've sold compensation grants over many years.
AFRM Proposed Insider Sales (Form 144)
Latest: 2026-10-09
? Form 144 Guide
Last 30d:
1 filing
· $5.1M notice value
· Last 90d:
8 filings
· $22.5M notice value
· 5 unique filers
· 75% under 10b5-1 plans
What is Form 144? A notice of intent to sell restricted or control stock under Rule 144. Affiliates (officers, directors, 10%+ owners) and holders of restricted shares must file Form 144 when planning to sell more than 5,000 shares or $50,000 in any 3-month rolling window.
How it relates to Form 4: Form 144 is filed before the trade (up to 90 days in advance); Form 4 is filed within 2 business days after the trade executes. Not every Form 144 results in a sale — the filer may cancel or delay. Look for the corresponding Form 4 on the Insider Activity card to confirm a sale actually happened.
10b5-1 plans: Trades made under a pre-scheduled Rule 10b5-1 plan are not discretionary — they execute automatically on dates set months earlier, regardless of news. High 10b5-1 percentages mean less per-filing signal value, though cumulative selling volume still matters.
"Notice value": Aggregate market value the filer wrote into the Form 144 — i.e. the size of the planned sale, not necessarily the executed dollars. An amended notice (Form 144/A) replaces the original it amends, and cancelled notices are dropped, so neither is double-counted above. A filed value that is clearly inconsistent with the share count at the stock's price (a filer typo) shows as a dash and is left out of the totals.
Source & freshness: Sourced from public Form 144 filings. Refreshed daily; new filings typically appear here the morning after they are filed.
Top 90-day filers:
ROBERT O'HARE (2, $6.2M) · KATHERINE ADKINS (2, $6.2M) · MICHAEL LINFORD (1, $6.1M) · SIPHELELE JIYANE (2, $3.8M) · NOEL WATSON (1, $153K)
| Filed | Filer | Role | Shares | Notice Value | Planned Sale | Broker | Plan | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-09 | ROBERT O'HARE | Officer | 65,591 | $5.06M | 2026-10-09 | Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC … | 10b5-1 | EDGAR |
| 2026-09-14 | SIPHELELE JIYANE | Officer | 26,980 | $1.95M | 2026-09-14 | Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC … | — | EDGAR |
| 2026-09-04 | SIPHELELE JIYANE | Officer | 25,000 | $1.81M | 2026-09-04 | Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC … | — | EDGAR |
| 2026-09-03 | KATHERINE ADKINS | Officer | 41,664 | $3.09M | 2026-09-03 | Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC … | 10b5-1 | EDGAR |
| 2026-09-01 | KATHERINE ADKINS | Officer | 41,664 | $3.10M | 2026-09-01 | Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC … | 10b5-1 | EDGAR |
| 2026-09-01 | ROBERT O'HARE | Officer | 15,745 | $1.17M | 2026-09-01 | Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC … | 10b5-1 | EDGAR |
| 2026-08-28 | MICHAEL LINFORD | Officer | 79,219 | $6.14M | 2026-08-28 | Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC … | 10b5-1 | EDGAR |
| 2026-08-12 | NOEL WATSON | Officer | 2,000 | $153.4K | 2026-08-12 | Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC … | 10b5-1 | EDGAR |
| 2026-06-26 | MICHAEL LINFORD | Officer | 100,000 | $7.68M | 2026-06-26 | Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC … | 10b5-1 | EDGAR |
| 2026-05-13 | NOEL WATSON | Director | 4,000 | $261.7K | 2026-05-13 | Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC … | 10b5-1 | EDGAR |
Notice value is the aggregate market value the filer states they intend to sell — not a confirmed transaction. Compare to Insider Activity (Form 4) to see which planned sales actually executed. Market-wide feed: Planned sales (Form 144).
Recent SEC Filings
Latest: 2026-05-07
Current reports — material events the company must disclose within 4 business days (earnings releases, M&A, executive changes, etc.).
| Filing Date | Accession | Link |
|---|---|---|
| 2026-05-07 | 0001628280-26-032105 | EDGAR |
| 2026-02-05 | 0001628280-26-005772 | EDGAR |
| 2026-01-16 | 0001628280-26-002442 | EDGAR |
| 2025-12-18 | 0001628280-25-057930 | EDGAR |
| 2025-11-06 | 0001628280-25-050159 | EDGAR |
| 2025-09-22 | 0001628280-25-042335 | EDGAR |
| 2025-08-28 | 0001820953-25-000078 | EDGAR |
| 2025-06-26 | 0001820953-25-000064 | EDGAR |
| 2025-06-12 | 0001820953-25-000061 | EDGAR |
| 2025-05-08 | 0001820953-25-000050 | EDGAR |
Annual report — audited financial statements, MD&A, risk factors. Filed 60–90 days after fiscal year-end.
Quarterly report — unaudited financials and MD&A. Filed 40–45 days after each of the first three fiscal quarters.
| Filing Date | Accession | Link |
|---|---|---|
| 2026-05-07 | 0001628280-26-032294 | EDGAR |
| 2026-02-05 | 0001628280-26-005855 | EDGAR |
| 2025-11-06 | 0001628280-25-050295 | EDGAR |
| 2025-05-09 | 0001820953-25-000052 | EDGAR |
| 2025-02-06 | 0001820953-25-000012 | EDGAR |
| 2024-11-07 | 0001820953-24-000060 | EDGAR |
| 2024-05-08 | 0001820953-24-000014 | EDGAR |
| 2024-02-08 | 0001820953-24-000006 | EDGAR |
| 2023-11-08 | 0001820953-23-000025 | EDGAR |
| 2023-05-09 | 0001820953-23-000013 | EDGAR |
ETF Holders
152 ETFs hold AFRM
25 shown · $2.35B total exposure · 0.13% AUM-weighted avg weight
| # | ETF | Provider | Weight | $ Exposure | ETF AUM | As Of |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | VTI Vanguard Morningstar Total Stock Market ETF | Vanguard | 0.03% | $589.5M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 2 | VB Vanguard Morningstar Small-Cap ETF | Vanguard | 0.23% | $416.3M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 3 | VBK Vanguard Morningstar Small-Cap Growth ETF | Vanguard | 0.53% | $231.5M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 4 | VXF Vanguard Extended Market ETF | Vanguard | 0.25% | $229.5M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 5 | CGGR Capital Group Growth ETF | Capitalgroup | 0.57% | $148.5M | $26.1B | 2026-10-14 |
| 6 | IWP iShares Russell Mid-Cap Growth ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.58% | $111.4M | $19.4B | 2026-10-14 |
| 7 | IWR iShares Russell Mid-Cap ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.15% | $82.6M | $56.8B | 2026-10-14 |
| 8 | IWF iShares Russell 1000 Growth ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.06% | $74.7M | $127.6B | 2026-10-14 |
| 9 | JEPI JPMorgan Equity Premium Income ETF | JPMorgan | 0.13% | $59.3M | $45.9B | 2026-10-15 |
| 10 | XOVR ERShares Private-Public Crossover ETF | Nport | 2.64% | $57.7M | — | 2026-06-30 |
| 11 | SCHG Schwab U.S. Large-Cap Growth ETF | Nport | 0.07% | $45.7M | — | 2026-05-31 |
| 12 | DFAC Dimensional US Core Equity 2 ETF | Dimensional | 0.05% | $45.4M | — | 2026-10-14 |
| 13 | VFH Vanguard Financials ETF | Vanguard | 0.23% | $32.0M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 14 | VONG Vanguard Russell 1000 Growth ETF | Vanguard | 0.06% | $31.7M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 15 | ITOT iShares Core S&P Total U.S. Stock Market ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.03% | $27.1M | $97.1B | 2026-10-14 |
| 16 | CGMM Capital Group U.S. Small and Mid Cap ETF | Capitalgroup | 0.77% | $27.0M | $3.5B | 2026-10-14 |
| 17 | SCHX Schwab U.S. Large-Cap ETF | Nport | 0.03% | $23.0M | — | 2026-05-31 |
| 18 | FBCG Fidelity Blue Chip Growth ETF | Nport | 0.25% | $17.5M | — | 2026-07-31 |
| 19 | VT Vanguard Total World Stock ETF | Vanguard | 0.02% | $17.0M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 20 | FMDE Fidelity Enhanced Mid Cap Core ETF | Fidelity | 0.20% | $16.8M | $8.3B | 2026-10-14 |
| 21 | IWB iShares Russell 1000 ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.03% | $13.6M | $49.1B | 2026-10-14 |
| 22 | HELO JPMorgan Hedged Equity Laddered Overlay ETF | JPMorgan | 0.27% | $13.3M | $4.9B | 2026-10-15 |
| 23 | JSMD Janus Henderson Small/Mid Cap Growth Alpha ETF | Janus | 1.28% | $13.0M | $1.0B | 2026-10-14 |
| 24 | SCHB Schwab U.S. Broad Market ETF | Nport | 0.03% | $12.7M | — | 2026-05-31 |
| 25 | QQQJ Invesco NASDAQ Next Gen 100 ETF | Invesco | 1.07% | $12.4M | — | 2026-10-14 |
Fundamentals
Quarterly filings sourced from SEC 10-Q / 10-K reports. TTM tiles aggregate the most recent four quarters; bars show the last ~12 quarters oldest → newest.
Metrics
- Revenue — top-line sales. Look for consistent YoY growth; seasonal businesses need same-quarter comparisons (Q4 '24 vs Q4 '23).
- Net Income — bottom-line profit after all expenses. Can be volatile from one-time items; red bars = net loss.
- Diluted EPS — net income per share assuming options/converts are exercised. Direct input to the P/E ratio.
- Operating Cash Flow — cash generated from core operations, before capex and financing. Harder to manipulate than net income; growing OCF is a quality signal.
How to read the bars
- Sequential growth — quarter-over-quarter trend. Accelerating bars are a momentum signal.
- YoY growth — compare to the same quarter a year earlier to remove seasonality.
- Quality — OCF should roughly track Net Income over time. Large divergence (net income ≫ OCF) flags accruals risk.
- Margins — scan the bar ratios: Net Income / Revenue tells you margin trend without needing a separate chart.
TTM (trailing-twelve-month) smooths seasonality and is used for the P/E calculation. Filings appear 30–90 days after the period closes.
Trailing P/E
13.41
TTM Diluted EPS
$5.52
TTM Revenue
$1.44B
TTM Net Income
$1.93B
TTM Op. Cash Flow
$1.23B
Quarterly figures (12 quarters)
| Quarter | Period End | Revenue | Net Income | Diluted EPS | Op. Cash Flow |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q4 '26 | 2026-06-30 | $387.54M | $1.62B | $4.62 | $296.16M |
| Q2 '26 | 2025-12-31 | $401.42M | $129.59M | $0.37 | $173.74M |
| Q1 '26 | 2025-09-30 | $320.48M | $80.69M | $0.23 | $374.57M |
| Q4 '25 | 2025-06-30 | $306.56M | $69.24M | $0.19 | $74.64M |
| Q3 '25 | 2025-03-31 | $272.55M | $2.80M | $0.01 | $210.39M |
| Q2 '25 | 2024-12-31 | $303.04M | $80.36M | $0.23 | $312.02M |
| Q1 '25 | 2024-09-30 | $231.82M | $-100.22M | $-0.31 | $196.87M |
| Q4 '24 | 2024-06-30 | $223.99M | $-45.14M | $-0.14 | $68.76M |
| Q3 '24 | 2024-03-31 | $194.97M | $-133.94M | $-0.43 | $208.15M |
| Q2 '24 | 2023-12-31 | $227.63M | $-166.90M | $-0.54 | $74.32M |
| Q1 '24 | 2023-09-30 | $179.43M | $-171.78M | $-0.57 | $98.90M |
| Q4 '23 | 2023-06-30 | $796.40M | $-205.96M | $-0.69 | $-4.68B |
Q4 2026 • period ending 2026-06-30 • filed 2026-08-27
Valuation
Ratios derived from TTM financials and the current market price, sampled daily. History chart shows how expensive the stock is today relative to its own recent past.
Price Multiples
- P/E — price / TTM earnings. Rough market rule: 10–15 value, 15–25 market, >30 growth/premium. Negative when earnings are negative.
- P/B — price / book value. Useful for financials and asset-heavy names; meaningless for asset-light software.
- P/S — price / TTM revenue. Useful when earnings are negative or noisy (early-stage growth).
- EV/EBITDA — capital-structure-neutral. <10 cheap, 10–15 reasonable, >20 rich. Good for comparing across leverage profiles.
- EV/Sales — like P/S but accounts for debt + cash. Compare within sector.
Profitability & Yields
- ROE — return on equity. >15% strong, >25% exceptional. Caution: high leverage inflates ROE.
- ROA — return on assets. Leverage-neutral; >5% solid, >10% exceptional.
- Div Yield — annual dividend / price. Compare to 10Y Treasury; sustained yield >6% often signals distress.
- FCF Yield — free cash flow / market cap. >5% is attractive; negative means burning cash.
Balance Sheet
- Debt/Equity — leverage. <1 conservative, >2 aggressive. Sector-dependent (utilities naturally high, tech low).
- Current Ratio — short-term liquidity. >1.5 comfortable, <1 raises short-term solvency flags.
Reading the history chart
- Compare current level to the 3-year band: near the high end = relatively expensive; near the low = relatively cheap.
- Multiples expanding while earnings are flat = sentiment-driven rally.
- Multiples compressing while earnings grow = value coming from fundamentals.
P/E
13.41
P/B
4.71
P/S
17.88
EV/EBITDA
—
EV/Sales
23.53
ROE
35.2%
ROA
12.2%
Div Yield
0.00%
FCF Yield
4.77%
Debt/Equity
1.79
Current Ratio
—
Market Cap
$25.82B
as of 2026-10-16
Short Interest & Float
Regulatory short-interest reports publish on a bi-weekly settlement cadence; short-volume is reported daily by the trade-reporting facilities. Float is derived from insider-ownership filings.
Metric definitions
- Short Interest — total shares currently sold short as of the settlement date. Lags real time by ~8 business days.
- SI % of Float — short interest / free float. The key crowding metric.
- Days to Cover — short interest / avg daily volume. How many full trading days it would take shorts to buy back. High DTC + catalyst = squeeze fuel.
- Short Vol Ratio — today's short-sale volume / total volume. Intraday selling pressure proxy (not the same as short interest).
- Free Float — shares available for public trading (total shares minus insider / restricted).
- Float % — free float / shares outstanding. <50% = tightly held, more prone to squeezes.
How to read the signals
- SI % of Float < 5% — typical, no particular signal.
- 5–15% — elevated; watch for catalysts (earnings, guidance, macro).
- 15–30% — heavily shorted; tight-float names in this range have produced notable squeezes historically.
- >30% — extreme; borrow is likely expensive and squeeze risk is material.
- Days to Cover > 5 combined with high SI% amplifies squeeze potential.
History chart
- Trend matters more than level. Rapidly rising short interest often precedes negative catalysts or heavy hedging.
- A sudden drop in SI after a rally may indicate a squeeze in progress.
Short interest is reported mid-month and end-of-month; short volume is daily.
Short Interest
17.88M
SI % of Float
6.74%
Days to Cover
4.42
Short Vol Ratio
54.2%
Free Float
265.25M
Float %
90.1%
Short interest 2026-09-30 • Short volume 2026-10-16 • Float 2026-05-14