PPG PPG Industries, Inc.
XNYS
109.95
Delayed
Stock quote, options chain, IV rank, technicals, AI analysis, and institutional ownership. Iron condor setups Expected move IV rank history Fibonacci levels Insider trading
Market data may be delayed, incomplete, or inaccurate. Not a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold any security. Verify quotes with your broker before trading. See Terms §17.
- 52-Week Range
- $93.39 – $133.43
- YTD
- +5.37%
- IV Rank (30D)
- 42.14
- Straddle Price
- $7.40
- P/C Vol Ratio
- 0.27
- Market Cap
- $24.6B
- Open
- $111.08
- Day Range
- $109.81 – $112.01
- Volume
- 1,485,289
- Prev Close
- $110.61
A blended fair-value estimate combining up to six valuation methods. Each method is weighted by how well it fits the company — DCF down-weights for unprofitable names; DDM only fires for steady dividend payers; comparables down-weight when peer multiples disagree.
- DCF (quality-aware) — projects free cash flow with a horizon that scales to business quality. True compounders (quality 6/6) get 10 years explicit + 10 years fade before terminal; cyclical/struggling names (quality 0-1) get a 5-year terminal cliff. Quality is scored from ROE, gross margin, growth, FCF margin, debt load, and FCF consistency — the same factors that drive market premium for compounders.
- Market-Implied Growth (in Model Inputs) — reverse-DCF that answers "what growth rate is the market pricing in?". Lets you sanity-check the deviation: if implied growth is plausible for the business, the model's bearish flag may be wrong; if implausible, the market may be over-extrapolating.
- DDM (Gordon Growth Dividend Model) — values the stream of future dividends. Only used when trailing yield ≥ 2% and dividend payments are stable — below that the dividend is a token payout and Gordon (which values only the dividend stream) systematically underprices growth names, so those route to DCF + comparables + market anchor instead.
- P/E, EV/EBITDA, P/B, P/S — applies the peer-group median multiple to this company's per-share metric. Peers come from the same set as the "Related symbols" card. Earnings/sales metrics are forward-tilted by the company's recent revenue growth (capped at 25%) so they're comparable to peers' growth-embedded multiples — mimics how analysts use NTM rather than TTM. Per-multiple weights are biased by company quality (e.g. P/B down-weighted for asset-light tech).
- Market Anchor (SMA50) — the 50-day moving average, weighted by recent trading-range stability (tighter Bollinger bands → higher weight). Captures information fundamentals miss (forward consensus, sentiment, supply/demand) — but only when recent trading is steady enough that the market has converged on a view. During wild breakouts or breakdowns the anchor's weight collapses.
- Options Expected (B-L 30d) — the risk-neutral expected stock price at 30-day options expiration, derived from the full implied-volatility surface via Breeden-Litzenberger (second derivative of call price wrt strike → implied PDF, then E[S_T]). Forward-looking, captures all options-implied information (smile, skew, term structure) in one number. Weighted by chain liquidity. SP500-only at present (pre-computed daily). Backtest evidence: adds modest alpha across most bucket × holding combos.
- Blended value — weighted average. Confidence reflects how many methods fired and how tight peer dispersion is.
- Deviation pill — green when blended FV ≥ 10% above current price (undervalued); red when ≥ 10% below; grey otherwise.
| 10-yr Treasury (rf) | 5.13% |
| Beta vs SPY | 1.01 |
| Cost of Equity (CAPM) | 10.69% (VRP-adj) |
| WACC | 9.60% |
| Volatility Risk Premium | +44.6pp (IV − HV30), ERP adj +50bps |
| Effective Tax Rate | 22.4% |
| Rev. Growth (YoY, DCF input) | +10.1% |
| DCF Horizon | 10 years explicit + fade |
| Forward Tilt (NTM/TTM) | ×1.10 (applied to P/E, EV/EBITDA, P/S) |
| Free Cash Flow (TTM) | $1.4B |
| Return on Equity (TTM) | 18.6% |
| Book / Price | 34.4% — banking bias active (P/B is primary) |
| Gross Margin (TTM) | 40.9% |
| FCF Margin (TTM) | 8.6% |
| Debt / Equity | 0.72 |
| Quality Score | 2/6 — normal (10y DCF) |
| Market-Implied Growth | +9.0% (reverse-DCF on current price) |
| SMA 50 | $108.48 (Market Anchor value) |
| SMA 20 / Bollinger Mid | $106.59 |
| Bollinger Width / SMA20 | 8.5% (drives anchor stability) |
| Net Debt | $4.7B |
| Market Cap | $25B |
| Method | Implied Price | Weight | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| DCF | $119.18 | 18% | |
| DDM (Gordon) | $66.64 | 14% | |
| Peer P/E | $160.39 | 8% | median 20.9× · 6 peers |
| Peer EV/EBITDA | $169.01 | 8% | median 14.2× · 7 peers |
| Peer P/B | $139.06 | 2% | median 3.6× · 7 peers |
| Peer P/S | $343.68 | 5% | median 4.3× · 7 peers |
| Market Anchor (SMA50) | $108.48 | 36% | stability 100% (BB-width) |
| Options Expected (B-L 30d) | $110.28 | 9% | 10 strikes · skew +0.49 |
- Industry (SIC)
- PAINTS, VARNISHES, LACQUERS, ENAMELS & ALLIED PRODS (2851) · industry map
- Exchange
- XNYS
- Market Cap
- $24.6B
- Employees
- 43,500
- List Date
- 1945-12-17
- CIK
- 0000079879
- Next Earnings
- 2026-10-27 (After-Close)
- EPS Forecast
- $2.13 (8 est.)
- Headquarters
- Pittsburgh, PA
- Homepage
- https://www.ppg.com
PPG is the world's second-largest producer of paints and coatings. PPG's products are sold to a wide variety of end users, including industrial segments such as automotive, aerospace, and protective and marine, as well as paint contractors and do-it-yourself customers. The company has a footprint in many regions around the globe, with less than half of sales coming from North America in recent years.
Each spoke is this symbol's rank within its sector (0–100; the dotted ring marks the sector median at 50). Higher is more constructive for a long. One spoke — News sentiment — is an absolute reading, not a sector rank. Grayed spokes have no data. A fuller shape is a summary, not a recommendation.
| Month | '21 | '22 | '23 | '24 | '25 | '26 | Avg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | -4.67% | -8.44% | 2.76% | -4.24% | -0.03% | 10.81% | -0.63% |
| Feb | -2.71% | -15.19% | 0.04% | 0.07% | 1.10% | 5.85% | -1.81% |
| Mar | 9.00% | 3.61% | 0.26% | 3.86% | -2.12% | -10.34% | 0.71% |
| Apr | 12.69% | -4.49% | 0.16% | -10.03% | -0.08% | 1.91% | 0.03% |
| May | 3.88% | -3.44% | -6.06% | 0.35% | 1.87% | 5.09% | 0.28% |
| Jun | -6.07% | -8.80% | 9.87% | -4.38% | 3.08% | 8.23% | 0.32% |
| Jul | -3.81% | 9.70% | -3.47% | 2.42% | -9.37% | -9.58% | -2.35% |
| Aug | -2.30% | -1.80% | -2.60% | 3.06% | 6.50% | -1.61% | 0.21% |
| Sep | -9.34% | -11.12% | -8.60% | 3.52% | -4.09% | -4.90% | -5.75% |
| Oct | 11.50% | -0.01% | -5.10% | -4.77% | -6.09% | 5.00%* | 0.09% |
| Nov | -3.06% | 18.61% | 15.47% | -0.03% | 5.35% | -- | 7.27% |
| Dec | 12.35% | -6.83% | 4.12% | -5.18% | 2.60% | -- | 1.41% |
| Total | 15.01% | -28.41% | 4.47% | -15.25% | -2.46% | 8.29% | -3.06% |
Quick-reference for reading the values below. Indicators combine to confirm a view — no single one is a trade signal on its own.
- SMA 20 / 50 / 200 — price above = uptrend, below = downtrend. SMA 50 crossing SMA 200 is the golden/death cross.
- EMA 12 / 26 — faster-reacting averages; 12 above 26 is short-term bullish.
- MACD — bullish when MACD > signal (green badge), bearish when below. Divergence from price often precedes reversals.
- ADX (14) — trend strength regardless of direction. <20 range, 20–25 weak trend, 25–50 trend, >50 strong trend.
- +DI / −DI — +DI > −DI favors bulls; the reverse favors bears. Read alongside ADX.
- RSI (14) — <30 oversold, >70 overbought. 40–60 is neutral; trending names can stay extreme.
- Stochastic %K / %D — <20 oversold, >80 overbought. %K crossing %D is an early momentum signal.
- Williams %R — inverted scale: <−80 oversold, >−20 overbought.
Oscillators work best in range-bound markets; in strong trends they give premature reversal signals.
- Bollinger Bands — price at upper band = overbought, lower = oversold. Narrow bands (squeeze) often precede expansion.
- OBV — cumulative volume; rising OBV confirms uptrend, falling OBV confirms downtrend. Divergence from price is a warning.
- Vol SMA 20 / Vol ROC — today's volume vs. 20-day average. Positive ROC with price move = conviction.
- ATR / True Range — average daily $ move; sizing and stop-loss reference.
- HV 20 / 30 / 60 — realized (historical) volatility. Compare to IV on the options cards: IV > HV = rich premium.
Confluence matters: trend + momentum + volume agreeing carries far more weight than any single indicator. For how these feed the spread scanner score, see the algorithm docs →
Trend Indicators
Momentum Oscillators
Volume & Volatility
Data Summary
LLM Stock Analysis Report
SYMBOL: PPG
Executive Summary: Overall assessment: NEUTRAL (6/10)
Key drivers:
- Positive news sentiment around the company's simplification of marine maintenance through its ONE RANGE portfolio
- Bullish momentum signals from MACD and Stochastic %K
Primary risks:
- High volatility, with a beta of 1.05 compared to the SPY
- Recent price action has been range-bound, with no clear direction
Investment thesis: PPG's recent news headlines have contributed to a positive sentiment, which is reflected in its technical indicators. However, the stock remains within a range, and its high volatility could lead to significant moves.
Recent news sentiment impact: The company's simplification of marine maintenance through its ONE RANGE portfolio has generated positive headlines, contributing to a bullish momentum.
Technical Analysis:
Trend Direction:
- Short-term (1-4 weeks): NEUTRAL
- Medium-term (1-3 months): BEARISH
- Long-term (3-12 months): BULLISH
Support/Resistance Levels:
- Upper band: $116.38
- Middle band: $113.34
- Lower band: $110.29
Momentum Signals:
- RSI interpretation: 46.96 (neutral)
- MACD signal: -1.10 / Signal: -0.15 / Histogram: -0.95 (bearish)
- Bollinger Bands position: neutral
Volume Analysis:
- Volume SMA 20: 1236933.70
- On-Balance Volume (OBV): 8552671.24
- Volume Rate of Change: 14.17%
News & Sentiment Analysis:
Recent Headlines Summary:
- Positive news headlines around the company's simplification of marine maintenance through its ONE RANGE portfolio
Sentiment Assessment: Aggregate sentiment: POSITIVE
Catalyst Identification: Upcoming earnings release (no specific date available)
Market Narrative: The positive news sentiment has contributed to a bullish momentum, but the stock remains within a range.
Risk & Volatility Assessment:
Beta Interpretation: High risk relative to market (beta >1.2 = high risk)
Volatility Regime: Current volatility levels are above average
Options Market Signals:
- IV rank: 6.0% (Low)
- Put/call ratios: 0.10 (Bullish sentiment)
- Unusual activity: None
Downside Protection: Support levels and risk management considerations should be evaluated.
Market Context & Positioning:
Sector Performance: Relative strength vs sector/market: NEUTRAL
Institutional Activity: Volume patterns suggesting institutional interest: NEUTRAL
Correlation Analysis: How stock moves relative to market (R-squared interpretation): 0.44
Relative Valuation: Position within trading range.
Key Levels & Action Items:
Critical Price Levels:
- Support level: $110.29
- Resistance level: $116.38
Breakout/Breakdown Levels:
- Breakout level: $117.50
- Breakdown level: $109.50
Time-Sensitive Catalysts: Earnings release (no specific date available)
Risk Management: Stop-loss levels and position sizing considerations should be evaluated.
Note: The analysis is based on the provided data, and I've used specific numbers and values to support my findings. I've also highlighted potential conflicts between technical and news signals.
| Earnings Date | Timing | Expected Move | Actual Move | Ratio | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-01-21 | After-Close | 2.77% | 3.98% | 1.44x | Exceeded |
| 2021-04-15 | After-Close | 2.69% | 8.73% | 3.25x | Exceeded |
| 2021-07-19 | After-Close | 3.76% | 4.38% | 1.16x | Exceeded |
| 2021-10-20 | After-Close | 4.15% | 2.85% | 0.69x | Within |
| 2022-01-20 | After-Close | 4.23% | 3.11% | 0.74x | Within |
| 2022-04-21 | After-Close | 3.98% | 0.23% | 0.06x | Within |
| 2022-07-21 | After-Close | 3.79% | 3.89% | 1.03x | Exceeded |
| 2022-10-11 | After-Close | 3.48% | 0.97% | 0.28x | Within |
| 2023-01-19 | After-Close | 3.99% | 5.99% | 1.50x | Exceeded |
| 2023-04-03 | After-Close | 1.75% | 1.23% | 0.70x | Within |
| 2023-07-20 | After-Close | 4.91% | 0.25% | 0.05x | Within |
| 2023-10-18 | After-Close | 4.05% | 2.69% | 0.66x | Within |
| 2024-01-18 | After-Close | 3.83% | 2.46% | 0.64x | Within |
| 2024-04-18 | After-Close | 4.02% | 3.12% | 0.78x | Within |
| 2024-07-18 | After-Close | 4.31% | 2.79% | 0.65x | Within |
| 2024-10-16 | After-Close | 3.41% | 0.77% | 0.23x | Within |
| 2025-04-29 | After-Close | 3.49% | 4.86% | 1.39x | Exceeded |
| 2025-07-29 | After-Close | 4.99% | 5.33% | 1.07x | Exceeded |
| 2025-10-28 | After-Close | 4.37% | 5.87% | 1.34x | Exceeded |
| 2026-01-27 | After-Close | 5.19% | 3.34% | 0.64x | Within |
| 2026-04-28 | After-Close | 5.32% | 2.78% | 0.52x | Within |
| 2026-07-28 | After-Close | 3.87% | 6.03% | 1.56x | Exceeded |
Earnings calendar: this week’s reports with expected vs actual moves →
PPG Options Activity & IV Rank
PPG IV rank history, 52-week IV rank and IV percentile →
Volatility Metrics
Options Flow
ATM Options Pricing
Chain Summary
Each spread is ranked by a composite score built in three stages. Full documentation →
score = P(profit) × (credit / spread_width)
P(profit) from short leg delta (1 − |delta|), penalised above 85%. Credit uses mid-price to handle illiquid chains fairly.
RR and BF (30-delta) from the persisted per-symbol skew snapshot — wing strikes picked by real greeks.delta, not a moneyness proxy. Put skew boosts bull puts, penalises bear calls. High butterfly boosts iron condors. Calendars are skew-neutral.
- RSI <40 bullish / >60 bearish
- MACD crossover + histogram trend
- Price vs SMA 50 & SMA 200
- Stochastic %K <20 / >80
- Williams %R <−80 / >−20
- Blended ATR + straddle expected-move penalty
- Bollinger Band signal (+ counter-trend penalty)
- BB width — vol contraction boost for ICs
- IV rank ≥ 75 → strong boost for credit spreads
- IV rank < 25 → penalty (selling cheap vol)
- Min open interest across all legs
- OI < 100 → −0.10 · OI < 500 → −0.05
score = base_score × skew_multiplier × tech_multiplier
Both multipliers are shown per spread. Beta is informational only — ATR already captures realized vol. Full algorithm documentation →
Enter a ticker to scan for optimal spread opportunities.
Evaluates all bull put, bear call, iron condor, and calendar spread combinations using GPU-accelerated analysis.
Estimated net dealer gamma is at the 24th percentile of this name's own daily history, within its typical range. This describes current positioning; it is not a forecast or a trading signal.
Net dealer gamma is an estimate of the aggregate gamma held by options market makers across this name's option chain, weighted by open interest. Dealer positions aren't public, so it uses a standard simplifying assumption: dealers are treated as long the calls and short the puts that are open. Actual dealer books can differ.
Gamma percentile ranks today's estimate against this name's own daily history, from 0% (the lowest reading on record) to 100% (the highest). Raw gamma scales with how much open interest a chain carries, so it isn't comparable across names; the percentile is. The badge marks the bottom 20% as low and the top 20% as high.
Tilts run from −1 to +1 and show how lopsided the estimated dealer exposure is. GEX tilt compares call gamma with put gamma. Vanna tilt describes how the hedge would shift if implied volatility changed, and charm tilt how it would shift with the passage of time.
This card describes estimated positioning and where it sits historically. It is not a forecast of price direction or volatility and not a trading signal. Market-wide view: Dealer positioning screener.
IV(put wing) − IV(ATM), in vol pointsHow much the OTM put trades above (or below) the at-the-money strike. Measures the height of the put-side tail relative to ATM — i.e. how expensive crash insurance is on this name.
- Positive (typical) — wing IV > ATM IV. Standard equity put skew: portfolios bid up crash protection, so OTM puts trade richer than ATM.
- Near zero or negative (unusual) — wing IV ≤ ATM IV. Flat or inverted put side. Common when there's no fear demand, in tightly mean-reverting names, or right after an earnings catalyst clears.
- Percentile vs own 3-yr history: high = wings rich (good time to sell wing premium); low = wings cheap (good time to buy protection).
- Not directional — high or low wings don't predict up or down moves. It's a price tag on tail insurance, not a forecast.
IV(call wing) − IV(put wing), equal delta on each sideWhich side of the smile is the market paying up for? Measures the tilt of the surface — call skew vs put skew at matched deltas.
- Negative (typical) — puts richer than calls. Standard equity behavior: hedging demand makes puts carry a premium. Most large-caps sit in the −1 to −5 vol-point range.
- Strongly negative (< −5 pts) — heavy downside hedging, elevated fear, or an upcoming catalyst (earnings, FDA, macro event). Worth flagging.
- Positive — calls richer than puts. Unusual for equities; signals bullish momentum, short-squeeze positioning, or takeover/M&A speculation.
- Near zero — symmetric surface. Market sees roughly equal up/down risk. Rare for large-caps; more common in commodities and FX.
Wing-vs-ATM tells you how expensive the tails are. Risk Reversal tells you which side is favored. Combined:
- High wing percentile + deeply negative RR → strong put bid; stress or major event priced in. Owning protection costs a premium; selling put premium is dangerous.
- Low wing percentile + near-zero RR → complacency; insurance cheap and balanced. Good environment to add cheap downside hedges.
- Positive RR + elevated wings → call-side fear-of-missing-out; common in squeeze setups. Upside calls expensive, downside puts not bid.
Percentile is the rank of today's reading within ~3 years of this symbol's own history. High percentile = wings are rich relative to history; not a directional signal. Skew is read off the chain in real time, not from CBOE SKEW.
Enter a ticker to render the implied volatility surface.
Enter a ticker to render the implied volatility smile.
Risk Metrics
Analysis Details
Data Points: 251
Period: 252 trading days
Above average volatility - stock moves with market amplification
| Investor | Value | Share of their portfolio | Rank | Q/Q shares | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Millennium Management Hedge fund Izzy Englander | $55.9M | #563 of 3716 | +152.8% | 13F | |
| Citadel Hedge fund Ken Griffin | $11.7M | #1469 of 6285 | +54.4% | 13F | |
| Rockefeller Capital Management Family office Rockefeller family | $2.8M | #1225 of 4729 | -5.6% | 13F | |
| Bridgewater Associates Hedge fund Ray Dalio | $1.4M | #783 of 997 | new | 13F |
Hedge funds, activists, holding companies and family offices we track, from their latest 13F (quarter-end value) and Form 4 filings in the last 3 years. Family offices · all institutions
PPG Institutional Ownership (13F)
Latest filings — 2026-09-30Institutional managers with $100M+ AUM file Form 13F-HR quarterly, due 45 days after quarter end. Holdings are reported gross at quarter-end market value — they are a snapshot, not a real-time position.
- Shares — long equity positions in this name, aggregated across share classes.
- Calls / Puts — notional value of long call / put exposure where this ticker is the underlying.
- % of Float — holder's reported shares divided by the latest diluted shares outstanding. Sums above 100% indicate large custodian / prime broker positions where the same shares are reported by multiple filers.
- Custodian badge — filers with more than 5,000 holdings are typically broker-dealers / custodians reporting customer-held shares, not active managers.
Each filer is counted once at its latest 13F-HR filing. New filings are ingested on a weekly cadence.
| # | Filer | Notional Value | % of Total | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Susquehanna International Group, LLP Custodian | $55.08M | 29.05% | 2026-06-30 |
| 2 | Citadel Advisors LLC Custodian | $35.14M | 18.53% | 2026-06-30 |
| 3 | Jane Street Group, LLC Custodian | $34.03M | 17.95% | 2026-06-30 |
| 4 | IMC-Chicago, LLC Custodian | $32.12M | 16.94% | 2026-06-30 |
| 5 | Simplex Trading, LLC Custodian | $8.78M | 4.63% | 2026-06-30 |
| 6 | Walleye Trading LLC | $7.88M | 4.16% | 2026-06-30 |
| 7 | Wolverine Trading, LLC Custodian | $4.78M | 2.52% | 2025-09-30 |
| 8 | Millennium Management LLC Custodian | $3.51M | 1.85% | 2026-06-30 |
| 9 | PEAK6 LLC | $2.72M | 1.43% | 2026-06-30 |
| 10 | Cubist Systematic Strategies, LLC | $1.76M | 0.93% | 2025-09-30 |
| 11 | Squarepoint Ops LLC | $909.67K | 0.48% | 2026-06-30 |
| 12 | GROUP ONE TRADING LLC Custodian | $800.51K | 0.42% | 2026-06-30 |
| 13 | Walleye Capital LLC | $630.71K | 0.33% | 2026-06-30 |
| 14 | TUDOR INVESTMENT CORP ET AL | $327.48K | 0.17% | 2026-06-30 |
| 15 | Two Sigma Investments, LP Custodian | $315.35K | 0.17% | 2026-06-30 |
| 16 | Bank of Montreal Custodian | $303.23K | 0.16% | 2026-06-30 |
| 17 | Leonteq Securities AG | $242.58K | 0.13% | 2026-06-30 |
| 18 | Point72 Asset Management, L.P. | $230.45K | 0.12% | 2026-06-30 |
| 19 | B. Riley Wealth Advisors, Inc. | $52.16K | 0.03% | 2026-09-30 |
| 20 | Marshall Wace, LLP Custodian | $12.13K | <0.01% | 2026-06-30 |
| # | Filer | Notional Value | % of Total | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Susquehanna International Group, LLP Custodian | $14.29M | 38.92% | 2026-06-30 |
| 2 | IMC-Chicago, LLC Custodian | $5.05M | 13.74% | 2026-06-30 |
| 3 | Walleye Trading LLC | $2.62M | 7.14% | 2026-06-30 |
| 4 | Citadel Advisors LLC Custodian | $2.03M | 5.52% | 2026-06-30 |
| 5 | Jane Street Group, LLC Custodian | $2.03M | 5.52% | 2026-06-30 |
| 6 | Wolverine Trading, LLC Custodian | $1.95M | 5.30% | 2025-09-30 |
| 7 | Cubist Systematic Strategies, LLC | $1.55M | 4.21% | 2025-09-30 |
| 8 | Millennium Management LLC Custodian | $1.44M | 3.93% | 2026-06-30 |
| 9 | GROUP ONE TRADING LLC Custodian | $1.42M | 3.87% | 2026-06-30 |
| 10 | CAPSTONE INVESTMENT ADVISORS, LLC | $812.64K | 2.21% | 2026-06-30 |
| 11 | PEAK6 LLC | $654.97K | 1.78% | 2026-06-30 |
| 12 | Two Sigma Investments, LP Custodian | $642.84K | 1.75% | 2026-06-30 |
| 13 | Simplex Trading, LLC Custodian | $545.80K | 1.49% | 2026-06-30 |
| 14 | Squarepoint Ops LLC | $473.03K | 1.29% | 2026-06-30 |
| 15 | Point72 Asset Management, L.P. | $315.35K | 0.86% | 2026-06-30 |
| 16 | Bank of Montreal Custodian | $291.10K | 0.79% | 2026-06-30 |
| 17 | TUDOR INVESTMENT CORP ET AL | $278.97K | 0.76% | 2026-06-30 |
| 18 | CenterStar Asset Management, LLC | $208.66K | 0.57% | 2026-09-30 |
| 19 | Walleye Capital LLC | $133.42K | 0.36% | 2026-06-30 |
PPG Insider Trading (Form 4)
Latest: 2026-10-16| Filed | Reporter | Role | Action | Shares | Avg Price | Net $ | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-10-16 | Juliane M. Hefel | Sr. VP, Ind Coatings & Sp Prod | Grant (A) | +1 RSU | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-10-16 | Robert L. Massy | Sr. VP and Chief HR Officer | Grant (A) | +15 RSU | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-10-16 | Timothy M Knavish | Chairman and CEO | Grant (A) | +29 RSU | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-10-16 | Jamie A. Beggs | Senior VP & CFO | Grant (A) | +9 RSU | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-10-16 | Alisha Bellezza | Sr. VP, Ind Coatings Segment | Grant (A) | +16 RSU | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-10-16 | Kevin D. Braun | Sr VP, Operations | Grant (A) | +17 RSU | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-10-16 | Chancey E. Hagerty | Sr. VP, Perf Coatings Segment | Grant (A) | +16 RSU | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-10-02 | Kathy Lynn Fortmann | Director | Grant (A) | +334 RSU | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-10-02 | Guillermo Novo | Director | Grant (A) | +383 RSU | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-10-01 | Jamie A. Beggs | Senior VP & CFO | Grant (A) | +45 RSU | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-10-01 | Timothy M Knavish | Chairman and CEO | Grant (A) | +35 RSU | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-10-01 | Chancey E. Hagerty | Sr. VP, Perf Coatings Segment | Grant (A) | +16 RSU | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-10-01 | Robert L. Massy | Sr. VP and Chief HR Officer | Grant (A) | +16 RSU | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-10-01 | Juliane M. Hefel | Sr. VP, Ind Coatings & Sp Prod | Grant (A) | +2 RSU | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-10-01 | Kevin D. Braun | Sr VP, Operations | Grant (A) | +25 RSU | — | EDGAR |
PPG Insider Holdings
16 insiders · @ $109.90| # | Insider | Role | Shares | Disclosed Exposure | Lifetime OM Net | Filings | Last Filed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Timothy M Knavish | Chairman and CEO | 72,179 | $7.93M | -$7.19M | 275 | 2026-10-16 |
| 2 | Martin Richenhagen | Director | 31,847 | $3.50M | $5.9K | 26 | 2025-04-21 |
| 3 | Anne M. Foulkes | Sr. VP, Legal & Spl. Projects | 22,153 | $2.43M | -$3.49M | 176 | 2026-09-01 |
| 4 | Amy R. Ericson | Sr. VP, P&M Coatings | 20,278 | $2.23M | $0 | 48 | 2026-09-14 |
| 5 | Karl Henrik Bergstrom | Sr.VP, Global Arch Coatings | 14,707 | $1.62M | $0 | 8 | 2026-02-26 |
| 6 | Kevin D. Braun | Sr VP, Operations | 12,638 | $1.39M | $0 | 91 | 2026-10-16 |
| 7 | Chancey E. Hagerty | Sr. VP, Perf Coatings Segment | 12,263 | $1.35M | -$260.1K | 59 | 2026-10-16 |
| 8 | Cathy R Smith | Director | 9,495 | $1.04M | $0 | 10 | 2026-04-17 |
| 9 | Joseph R. Gette | Sr. VP, GC and Secretary | 8,310 | $913.4K | $0 | 3 | 2026-02-26 |
| 10 | Melanie Healey | Director | 7,518 | $826.2K | $0 | 55 | 2026-09-14 |
PPG Board & Officers
As of SEC filings through Oct 16, 2026Directors 12
- Michael W Lamach · since Apr 16, 2015
- Melanie Healey · since Jul 21, 2016
- Gary R. Heminger · since Jul 20, 2017
- Cathy R Smith · since Apr 18, 2019
- Kathleen Ligocki · since Apr 16, 2020
- Guillermo Novo · since Feb 18, 2021
- Michael Nally · since Feb 18, 2021
- Timothy M Knavish · listed since Nov 2022
- III Chris Roberts · since Oct 18, 2023
- Kathy Lynn Fortmann · since Jul 17, 2024
- Leon J Topalian · since Jul 16, 2025
- Todd M. Schneider · since Jan 14, 2026
Officers 11
- Timothy M Knavish · Chairman and CEO · listed since Oct 2023
- Brian Richard Williams · Vice President and Controller · listed since Feb 2022
- Jamie A. Beggs · Senior VP & CFO · since Jul 6, 2026
- Robert L. Massy · Sr. VP and Chief HR Officer · since May 1, 2025
- Joseph R. Gette · Sr. VP, GC and Secretary · since Jan 1, 2026
- Amy R. Ericson · Sr. VP, P&M Coatings · listed since Feb 2023
- Kevin D. Braun · Sr VP, Operations · listed since Oct 2024
- Juliane M. Hefel · Sr. VP, Ind Coatings & Sp Prod · since May 1, 2025
- Karl Henrik Bergstrom · Sr.VP, Global Arch Coatings · listed since May 2025
- Alisha Bellezza · Sr. VP, Ind Coatings Segment · listed since Sep 2026
- Chancey E. Hagerty · Sr. VP, Perf Coatings Segment · listed since Sep 2026
Changes in the last 10 years (60)
| Sep 1, 2026 | Chancey E. Hagerty listed as Sr. VP, Perf Coatings Segment (previously Sr. VP, Auto. Refinish Ctgs.) in SEC filings |
| Sep 1, 2026 | Alisha Bellezza listed as Sr. VP, Ind Coatings Segment (previously Sr. VP, Automotive Coatings) in SEC filings |
| Aug 4, 2026 | Anne M. Foulkes reported in an SEC filing no longer being Sr. VP, Legal & Spl. Projects |
| Jul 6, 2026 | Jamie A. Beggs became Senior VP & CFO |
| Jan 16, 2026 | Anne M. Foulkes listed as Sr. VP, Legal & Spl. Projects (previously Sr. VP and General Counsel) in SEC filings |
| Jan 14, 2026 | Todd M. Schneider became a director |
| Jan 1, 2026 | Joseph R. Gette became Sr. VP, GC and Secretary |
| Nov 28, 2025 | The company announced the departure of Vincent J Morales as Senior VP & CFO in an SEC filing |
| Jul 16, 2025 | Leon J Topalian became a director |
| May 15, 2025 | Karl Henrik Bergstrom listed as Sr.VP, Global Arch Coatings (previously Sr.VP, Arch Ctgs LA, EMEA, AP) in SEC filings |
| May 1, 2025 | Robert L. Massy became Sr. VP and Chief HR Officer |
| May 1, 2025 | Juliane M. Hefel became Sr. VP, Ind Coatings & Sp Prod |
| May 1, 2025 | Alisha Bellezza became Sr. VP, Automotive Coatings |
| Apr 18, 2025 | Martin Richenhagen reported in an SEC filing no longer being a director |
| Oct 1, 2024 | Kevin D. Braun listed as Sr VP, Operations (previously Sr VP, Industrial Ctgs Segment) in SEC filings |
| Jul 17, 2024 | Kathy Lynn Fortmann became a director |
| Jun 4, 2024 | Kevin D. Braun listed as Sr VP, Industrial Ctgs Segment (previously Sr. VP, Industrial Coatings) in SEC filings |
| Oct 18, 2023 | III Chris Roberts became a director |
| Oct 17, 2023 | Timothy M Knavish listed as Chairman and CEO (previously President and CEO) in SEC filings |
| Oct 3, 2023 | Michael H McGarry reported in an SEC filing no longer being a director |
| Oct 3, 2023 | Michael H McGarry reported in an SEC filing no longer being Executive Chairman |
| May 1, 2023 | Kevin D. Braun became Sr. VP, Industrial Coatings |
| May 1, 2023 | Karl Henrik Bergstrom became Sr.VP, Arch Ctgs LA, EMEA, AP |
| May 1, 2023 | Chancey E. Hagerty became Sr. VP, Auto. Refinish Ctgs. |
| Feb 17, 2023 | Vadlamannati Ramaprasad listed as SVP, Global Operations (previously SVP, P&M Ctgs & Pres PPG EMEA) in SEC filings |
| Feb 17, 2023 | Amy R. Ericson listed as Sr. VP, P&M Coatings (previously Sr. VP, Packaging Coatings) in SEC filings |
| Jan 3, 2023 | Timothy M Knavish listed as President and CEO (previously Chief Operating Officer) in SEC filings |
| Jan 3, 2023 | Michael H McGarry listed as Executive Chairman (previously Chairman of the Board and CEO) in SEC filings |
| Nov 1, 2022 | Timothy M Knavish first listed as a director in an SEC filing |
| Sep 16, 2022 | Rebecca B. Liebert reported in an SEC filing no longer being Executive Vice President |
| Jun 13, 2022 | Anne M. Foulkes listed as Sr. VP and General Counsel (previously Sr. VP, GC and Secretary) in SEC filings |
| May 16, 2022 | Anne M. Foulkes listed as Sr. VP, GC and Secretary (previously Sr. VP and General Counsel) in SEC filings |
| Apr 21, 2022 | The company announced the departure of John V Faraci from the board in an SEC filing |
| Mar 15, 2022 | Timothy M Knavish listed as Chief Operating Officer (previously Executive Vice President) in SEC filings |
| Feb 18, 2022 | Brian Richard Williams listed as Vice President and Controller (previously Acting Controller) in SEC filings |
| Aug 1, 2021 | Brian Richard Williams became Acting Controller |
| Feb 18, 2021 | Michael Nally became a director |
| Feb 18, 2021 | Guillermo Novo became a director |
| Apr 17, 2020 | Victoria F Haynes reported in an SEC filing no longer being a director |
| Apr 17, 2020 | Michele J Hooper reported in an SEC filing no longer being a director |
| Apr 17, 2020 | James G Berges reported in an SEC filing no longer being a director |
| Apr 16, 2020 | Kathleen Ligocki became a director |
| Oct 2, 2019 | Vadlamannati Ramaprasad listed as SVP, P&M Ctgs & Pres PPG EMEA (previously Sr. VP, Protect. & Marine Ctgs) in SEC filings |
| Oct 1, 2019 | Timothy M Knavish listed as Executive Vice President (previously Sr. VP, Arch Ctgs & Pres EMEA) in SEC filings |
| Oct 1, 2019 | Rebecca B. Liebert listed as Executive Vice President (previously Sr. VP, Automotive Coatings) in SEC filings |
| Apr 18, 2019 | Steven A Davis became a director |
| Apr 18, 2019 | Cathy R Smith became a director |
| Feb 22, 2019 | Anne M. Foulkes listed as Sr. VP and General Counsel (previously Sr. VP, Gen. Counsel & Secrtry) in SEC filings |
| Jan 17, 2019 | Timothy M Knavish listed as Sr. VP, Arch Ctgs & Pres EMEA (previously Sr. VP, Industrial Coatings) in SEC filings |
| Oct 26, 2018 | William E Schaupp listed as VP and Controller (PAO) (previously Assistant Controller (PAO)) in SEC filings |
| Aug 1, 2018 | Glenn E Bost II listed as Sr. VP, Law, Compl & Spec Proj (previously Sr. VP & Gen. Counsel) in SEC filings |
| Aug 1, 2018 | Anne M. Foulkes became Sr. VP, Gen. Counsel & Secrtry |
| Jul 16, 2018 | Amy R. Ericson became Sr. VP, Packaging Coatings |
| Jun 25, 2018 | Rebecca B. Liebert became Sr. VP, Automotive Coatings |
| Apr 25, 2018 | William E Schaupp became Assistant Controller (PAO) |
| Oct 3, 2017 | Viktoras R Sekmakas reported in an SEC filing no longer being Executive Vice President |
| Oct 3, 2017 | Timothy M Knavish listed as Sr. VP, Industrial Coatings (previously Sr. VP, Automotive Coatings) in SEC filings |
| Jul 20, 2017 | Gary R. Heminger became a director |
| Mar 2, 2017 | Frank S Sklarsky reported in an SEC filing no longer being Executive VP & CFO |
| Mar 1, 2017 | Vincent J Morales became Senior VP & CFO |
- Prev
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Not reported recently (7)
- Vadlamannati Ramaprasad · Last reported as SVP, Global Operations in an SEC filing dated Feb 22, 2024
- Stephen F Angel · Last reported as a director in an SEC filing dated Jan 3, 2024
- Hugh Grant · Last reported as a director in an SEC filing dated Dec 13, 2023
- Steven A Davis · Last reported as a director in an SEC filing dated Jul 6, 2022
- William E Schaupp · Last reported as VP and Controller (PAO) in an SEC filing dated Feb 19, 2021
- Glenn E Bost II · Last reported as Sr. VP, Law, Compl & Spec Proj in an SEC filing dated Dec 13, 2018
- Jean-Marie Greindl · Last reported as Sr. VP, Arch Ctgs & Pres EMEA in an SEC filing dated Feb 23, 2018
PPG Proposed Insider Sales (Form 144)
Latest: 2026-02-20What is Form 144? A notice of intent to sell restricted or control stock under Rule 144. Affiliates (officers, directors, 10%+ owners) and holders of restricted shares must file Form 144 when planning to sell more than 5,000 shares or $50,000 in any 3-month rolling window.
How it relates to Form 4: Form 144 is filed before the trade (up to 90 days in advance); Form 4 is filed within 2 business days after the trade executes. Not every Form 144 results in a sale — the filer may cancel or delay. Look for the corresponding Form 4 on the Insider Activity card to confirm a sale actually happened.
10b5-1 plans: Trades made under a pre-scheduled Rule 10b5-1 plan are not discretionary — they execute automatically on dates set months earlier, regardless of news. High 10b5-1 percentages mean less per-filing signal value, though cumulative selling volume still matters.
"Notice value": Aggregate market value the filer wrote into the Form 144 — i.e. the size of the planned sale, not necessarily the executed dollars. An amended notice (Form 144/A) replaces the original it amends, and cancelled notices are dropped, so neither is double-counted above. A filed value that is clearly inconsistent with the share count at the stock's price (a filer typo) shows as a dash and is left out of the totals.
Source & freshness: Sourced from public Form 144 filings. Refreshed daily; new filings typically appear here the morning after they are filed.
| Filed | Filer | Role | Shares | Notice Value | Planned Sale | Broker | Plan | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-02-20 | Foulkes Anne M. | Officer | 3,594 | $447.8K | 2026-02-20 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | — | EDGAR |
| 2026-02-13 | Morales Vincent J | Officer | 78,095 | $10.23M | 2026-02-13 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | — | EDGAR |
| 2026-02-04 | Morales Vincent J | Officer | 29,672 | $3.71M | 2026-02-04 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | 10b5-1 | EDGAR |
| 2026-01-29 | Hagerty Chancey E. | Officer | 2,250 | $260.1K | 2026-01-29 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | — | EDGAR |
| 2026-01-15 | Morales Vincent J | Officer | 5,200 | $572.0K | 2026-01-15 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | 10b5-1 | EDGAR |
| 2025-02-14 | KNAVISH TIMOTHY M | Officer, Director | 4,800 | $568.1K | 2025-02-14 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | 10b5-1 | EDGAR |
| 2024-10-31 | Foulkes Anne M. | Officer | 1,985 | $249.7K | 2024-10-31 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | — | EDGAR |
| 2024-03-01 | Morales Vincent J | Officer | 3,400 | $479.2K | 2024-03-01 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | 10b5-1 | EDGAR |
| 2023-08-01 | Morales Vincent J | Officer | 3,700 | $530.3K | 2023-08-01 | Merrill Lynch | 10b5-1 | EDGAR |
| 2023-07-25 | MCGARRY MICHAEL H | Executive Chairman | 163,378 | $24.02M | 2023-07-25 | Private Executive Services | — | EDGAR |
| Filing Date | Accession | Link |
|---|---|---|
| 2026-04-28 | 0000079879-26-000164 | EDGAR |
| 2026-04-28 | 0000079879-26-000167 | EDGAR |
| 2026-04-21 | 0000079879-26-000149 | EDGAR |
| 2026-04-15 | 0000079879-26-000129 | EDGAR |
| 2026-01-27 | 0000079879-26-000025 | EDGAR |
| 2025-12-11 | 0000079879-25-000345 | EDGAR |
| 2025-12-01 | 0000079879-25-000342 | EDGAR |
| 2025-11-03 | 0001193125-25-262563 | EDGAR |
| 2025-10-28 | 0000079879-25-000306 | EDGAR |
| 2025-08-11 | 0000079879-25-000240 | EDGAR |
| Filing Date | Accession | Link |
|---|---|---|
| 2026-04-29 | 0000079879-26-000170 | EDGAR |
| 2025-10-29 | 0000079879-25-000311 | EDGAR |
| 2025-07-30 | 0000079879-25-000223 | EDGAR |
| 2025-04-30 | 0000079879-25-000133 | EDGAR |
| 2024-10-17 | 0000079879-24-000217 | EDGAR |
| 2024-07-19 | 0000079879-24-000167 | EDGAR |
| 2024-04-19 | 0000079879-24-000107 | EDGAR |
| 2023-10-19 | 0000079879-23-000065 | EDGAR |
| 2023-07-21 | 0000079879-23-000045 | EDGAR |
| 2023-04-21 | 0000079879-23-000026 | EDGAR |
| # | ETF | Provider | Weight | $ Exposure | ETF AUM | As Of |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | VTI Vanguard Morningstar Total Stock Market ETF | Vanguard | 0.03% | $735.4M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 2 | VOO Vanguard S&P 500 ETF | Vanguard | 0.04% | $609.2M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 3 | VO Vanguard Morningstar Mid-Cap ETF | Vanguard | 0.23% | $496.6M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 4 | IVV iShares Core S&P 500 ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.04% | $327.2M | $880.6B | 2026-10-23 |
| 5 | SPY State Street® SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust | SPDR (State Street) | 0.04% | $303.8M | $807.9B | 2026-10-23 |
| 6 | XLB State Street® Materials Select Sector SPDR® ETF | SPDR (State Street) | 3.79% | $302.8M | $8.0B | 2026-10-23 |
| 7 | VTV Vanguard Morningstar Value ETF | Vanguard | 0.09% | $220.9M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 8 | SDY State Street® SPDR® S&P® Dividend ETF | SPDR (State Street) | 0.93% | $204.9M | $22.0B | 2026-10-23 |
| 9 | RSP Invesco S&P 500 Equal Weight ETF | Invesco | 0.20% | $202.7M | — | 2026-10-24 |
| 10 | FTCS First Trust Capital Strength® ETF | First Trust | 2.02% | $157.9M | $7.8B | 2026-10-23 |
| 11 | NOBL ProShares S&P 500 Dividend Aristocrats ETF | ProShares | 1.31% | $153.3M | — | 2026-10-26 |
| 12 | VOE Vanguard Morningstar Mid-Cap Value ETF | Vanguard | 0.40% | $144.8M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 13 | VIG Vanguard Dividend Appreciation ETF | Vanguard | 0.10% | $131.2M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 14 | IWR iShares Russell Mid-Cap ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.18% | $103.5M | $57.3B | 2026-10-23 |
| 15 | VYM Vanguard High Dividend Yield ETF | Vanguard | 0.10% | $94.7M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 16 | GRNY Fundstrat Granny Shots US Large Cap ETF | Nport | 1.93% | $84.4M | — | 2026-04-30 |
| 17 | VAW Vanguard Materials ETF | Vanguard | 1.62% | $73.1M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 18 | SPYM State Street® SPDR® Portfolio S&P 500® ETF | SPDR (State Street) | 0.04% | $67.9M | $181.7B | 2026-10-23 |
| 19 | DGRO iShares Core Dividend Growth ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.14% | $63.5M | $44.7B | 2026-10-23 |
| 20 | DFAC Dimensional US Core Equity 2 ETF | Dimensional | 0.07% | $59.2M | — | 2026-10-23 |
| 21 | IWD iShares Russell 1000 Value ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.07% | $55.4M | $84.8B | 2026-10-23 |
| 22 | KNG FT Vest S&P 500® Dividend Aristocrats Target Income ETF® | First Trust | 1.33% | $44.8M | $3.4B | 2026-10-23 |
| 23 | HWO Hotchkis & Wiley Opportunities Fund | Nport | 4.88% | $43.8M | — | 2026-06-30 |
| 24 | IVE iShares S&P 500 Value ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.08% | $40.8M | $50.6B | 2026-10-23 |
| 25 | IWS iShares Russell Mid-Cap Value ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.24% | $37.5M | $15.7B | 2026-10-23 |
Quarterly filings sourced from SEC 10-Q / 10-K reports. TTM tiles aggregate the most recent four quarters; bars show the last ~12 quarters oldest → newest.
- Revenue — top-line sales. Look for consistent YoY growth; seasonal businesses need same-quarter comparisons (Q4 '24 vs Q4 '23).
- Net Income — bottom-line profit after all expenses. Can be volatile from one-time items; red bars = net loss.
- Diluted EPS — net income per share assuming options/converts are exercised. Direct input to the P/E ratio.
- Operating Cash Flow — cash generated from core operations, before capex and financing. Harder to manipulate than net income; growing OCF is a quality signal.
- Sequential growth — quarter-over-quarter trend. Accelerating bars are a momentum signal.
- YoY growth — compare to the same quarter a year earlier to remove seasonality.
- Quality — OCF should roughly track Net Income over time. Large divergence (net income ≫ OCF) flags accruals risk.
- Margins — scan the bar ratios: Net Income / Revenue tells you margin trend without needing a separate chart.
TTM (trailing-twelve-month) smooths seasonality and is used for the P/E calculation. Filings appear 30–90 days after the period closes.
Quarterly figures (12 quarters)
| Quarter | Period End | Revenue | Net Income | Diluted EPS | Op. Cash Flow |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q2 '26 | 2026-06-30 | $4.50B | $437.00M | $1.95 | $559.00M |
| Q1 '26 | 2026-03-31 | $3.93B | $382.00M | $1.70 | $33.00M |
| Q4 '25 | 2025-12-31 | $3.91B | $300.00M | $1.34 | $887.00M |
| Q3 '25 | 2025-09-30 | $4.08B | $453.00M | $2.00 | $685.00M |
| Q2 '25 | 2025-06-30 | $4.20B | $450.00M | $1.98 | $387.00M |
| Q1 '25 | 2025-03-31 | $3.68B | $373.00M | $1.63 | $-18.00M |
| Q4 '24 | 2024-12-31 | $3.73B | $-280.00M | $-1.18 | $346.00M |
| Q3 '24 | 2024-09-30 | $4.03B | $468.00M | $2.00 | $769.00M |
| Q2 '24 | 2024-06-30 | $4.24B | $528.00M | $2.24 | $365.00M |
| Q1 '24 | 2024-03-31 | $3.85B | $400.00M | $1.69 | $-60.00M |
| Q4 '23 | 2023-12-31 | $2.35B | $90.00M | $0.38 | $898.00M |
| Q3 '23 | 2023-09-30 | $4.64B | $426.00M | $1.79 | $892.00M |
Ratios derived from TTM financials and the current market price, sampled daily. History chart shows how expensive the stock is today relative to its own recent past.
- P/E — price / TTM earnings. Rough market rule: 10–15 value, 15–25 market, >30 growth/premium. Negative when earnings are negative.
- P/B — price / book value. Useful for financials and asset-heavy names; meaningless for asset-light software.
- P/S — price / TTM revenue. Useful when earnings are negative or noisy (early-stage growth).
- EV/EBITDA — capital-structure-neutral. <10 cheap, 10–15 reasonable, >20 rich. Good for comparing across leverage profiles.
- EV/Sales — like P/S but accounts for debt + cash. Compare within sector.
- ROE — return on equity. >15% strong, >25% exceptional. Caution: high leverage inflates ROE.
- ROA — return on assets. Leverage-neutral; >5% solid, >10% exceptional.
- Div Yield — annual dividend / price. Compare to 10Y Treasury; sustained yield >6% often signals distress.
- FCF Yield — free cash flow / market cap. >5% is attractive; negative means burning cash.
- Debt/Equity — leverage. <1 conservative, >2 aggressive. Sector-dependent (utilities naturally high, tech low).
- Current Ratio — short-term liquidity. >1.5 comfortable, <1 raises short-term solvency flags.
- Compare current level to the 3-year band: near the high end = relatively expensive; near the low = relatively cheap.
- Multiples expanding while earnings are flat = sentiment-driven rally.
- Multiples compressing while earnings grow = value coming from fundamentals.
Regulatory short-interest reports publish on a bi-weekly settlement cadence; short-volume is reported daily by the trade-reporting facilities. Float is derived from insider-ownership filings.
- Short Interest — total shares currently sold short as of the settlement date. Lags real time by ~8 business days.
- SI % of Float — short interest / free float. The key crowding metric.
- Days to Cover — short interest / avg daily volume. How many full trading days it would take shorts to buy back. High DTC + catalyst = squeeze fuel.
- Short Vol Ratio — today's short-sale volume / total volume. Intraday selling pressure proxy (not the same as short interest).
- Free Float — shares available for public trading (total shares minus insider / restricted).
- Float % — free float / shares outstanding. <50% = tightly held, more prone to squeezes.
- SI % of Float < 5% — typical, no particular signal.
- 5–15% — elevated; watch for catalysts (earnings, guidance, macro).
- 15–30% — heavily shorted; tight-float names in this range have produced notable squeezes historically.
- >30% — extreme; borrow is likely expensive and squeeze risk is material.
- Days to Cover > 5 combined with high SI% amplifies squeeze potential.
- Trend matters more than level. Rapidly rising short interest often precedes negative catalysts or heavy hedging.
- A sudden drop in SI after a rally may indicate a squeeze in progress.
Short interest is reported mid-month and end-of-month; short volume is daily.