VMI Valmont Industries, Inc.
XNYS
448.48
Delayed
Stock quote, options chain, IV rank, technicals, AI analysis, and institutional ownership. Iron condor setups Expected move IV rank history Fibonacci levels Insider trading
Market data may be delayed, incomplete, or inaccurate. Not a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold any security. Verify quotes with your broker before trading. See Terms §17.
- 52-Week Range
- $378.02 – $585.71
- YTD
- +8.93%
- IV Rank (30D)
- 19.68
- Straddle Price
- $29.60
- P/C Vol Ratio
- 2.73
- Market Cap
- $8.7B
- Open
- $451.65
- Day Range
- $445.03 – $457.03
- Volume
- 322,940
- Prev Close
- $450.68
A blended fair-value estimate combining up to six valuation methods. Each method is weighted by how well it fits the company — DCF down-weights for unprofitable names; DDM only fires for steady dividend payers; comparables down-weight when peer multiples disagree.
- DCF (quality-aware) — projects free cash flow with a horizon that scales to business quality. True compounders (quality 6/6) get 10 years explicit + 10 years fade before terminal; cyclical/struggling names (quality 0-1) get a 5-year terminal cliff. Quality is scored from ROE, gross margin, growth, FCF margin, debt load, and FCF consistency — the same factors that drive market premium for compounders.
- Market-Implied Growth (in Model Inputs) — reverse-DCF that answers "what growth rate is the market pricing in?". Lets you sanity-check the deviation: if implied growth is plausible for the business, the model's bearish flag may be wrong; if implausible, the market may be over-extrapolating.
- DDM (Gordon Growth Dividend Model) — values the stream of future dividends. Only used when trailing yield ≥ 2% and dividend payments are stable — below that the dividend is a token payout and Gordon (which values only the dividend stream) systematically underprices growth names, so those route to DCF + comparables + market anchor instead.
- P/E, EV/EBITDA, P/B, P/S — applies the peer-group median multiple to this company's per-share metric. Peers come from the same set as the "Related symbols" card. Earnings/sales metrics are forward-tilted by the company's recent revenue growth (capped at 25%) so they're comparable to peers' growth-embedded multiples — mimics how analysts use NTM rather than TTM. Per-multiple weights are biased by company quality (e.g. P/B down-weighted for asset-light tech).
- Market Anchor (SMA50) — the 50-day moving average, weighted by recent trading-range stability (tighter Bollinger bands → higher weight). Captures information fundamentals miss (forward consensus, sentiment, supply/demand) — but only when recent trading is steady enough that the market has converged on a view. During wild breakouts or breakdowns the anchor's weight collapses.
- Options Expected (B-L 30d) — the risk-neutral expected stock price at 30-day options expiration, derived from the full implied-volatility surface via Breeden-Litzenberger (second derivative of call price wrt strike → implied PDF, then E[S_T]). Forward-looking, captures all options-implied information (smile, skew, term structure) in one number. Weighted by chain liquidity. SP500-only at present (pre-computed daily). Backtest evidence: adds modest alpha across most bucket × holding combos.
- Blended value — weighted average. Confidence reflects how many methods fired and how tight peer dispersion is.
- Deviation pill — green when blended FV ≥ 10% above current price (undervalued); red when ≥ 10% below; grey otherwise.
| 10-yr Treasury (rf) | 5.15% |
| Beta vs SPY | 0.98 |
| Cost of Equity (CAPM) | 10.03% (VRP-adj) |
| WACC | 9.75% |
| Volatility Risk Premium | +13.2pp (IV − HV30) |
| Effective Tax Rate | 9.1% |
| Rev. Growth (YoY, DCF input) | +7.0% |
| DCF Horizon | 10 years explicit + fade |
| Forward Tilt (NTM/TTM) | ×1.07 (applied to P/E, EV/EBITDA, P/S) |
| Free Cash Flow (TTM) | $0.3B |
| Return on Equity (TTM) | 29.3% |
| Book / Price | 19.5% |
| Gross Margin (TTM) | 30.4% |
| FCF Margin (TTM) | 7.6% |
| Debt / Equity | 0.42 |
| Quality Score | 3/6 — normal (10y DCF) |
| Market-Implied Growth | +15.2% (reverse-DCF on current price) |
| SMA 50 | $473.35 (Market Anchor value) |
| SMA 20 / Bollinger Mid | $464.69 |
| Bollinger Width / SMA20 | 1.9% (drives anchor stability) |
| Net Debt | $0.6B |
| Market Cap | $9B |
| Method | Implied Price | Weight | Detail |
|---|---|---|---|
| DCF | $268.66 | 19% | |
| DDM (Gordon) | $62.38 | 0% | |
| Peer P/E | $795.86 | 9% | median 29.0× · 8 peers |
| Peer EV/EBITDA | $816.50 | 9% | median 23.1× · 8 peers |
| Peer P/B | $591.41 | 2% | median 6.8× · 8 peers |
| Peer P/S | $959.74 | 6% | median 4.2× · 8 peers |
| Market Anchor (SMA50) | $473.35 | 38% | stability 100% (BB-width) |
| Options Expected (B-L 30d) | $449.47 | 19% | 27 strikes · skew +0.79 |
- Industry (SIC)
- FABRICATED STRUCTURAL METAL PRODUCTS (3440) · industry map
- Exchange
- XNYS
- Market Cap
- $8.7B
- Employees
- 10,791
- List Date
- 1972-06-01
- CIK
- 0000102729
- Headquarters
- Omaha, NE
- Homepage
- https://www.valmont.com
Valmont Industries Inc, along with its subsidiaries, operates as a manufacturer of products and services for infrastructure and agriculture markets. Its reportable segments are Infrastructure and Agriculture. The company generates maximum revenue from the Infrastructure segment, which includes the manufacturing and distribution of products and solutions to serve the infrastructure markets of utility, solar, lighting, transportation, and telecommunications, along with coatings services to protect metal products. The Agriculture segment provides irrigation equipment components, including afterma…
Each spoke is this symbol's rank within its sector (0–100; the dotted ring marks the sector median at 50). Higher is more constructive for a long. One spoke — News sentiment — is an absolute reading, not a sector rank. Grayed spokes have no data. A fuller shape is a summary, not a recommendation.
| Month | '21 | '22 | '23 | '24 | '25 | '26 | Avg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 11.38% | -13.05% | 1.71% | -3.76% | 8.72% | 8.22% | 2.20% |
| Feb | 21.24% | 0.15% | -4.13% | -7.82% | 7.37% | 1.38% | 3.03% |
| Mar | -2.84% | 14.27% | -1.74% | 8.17% | -14.79% | -12.93% | -1.64% |
| Apr | 2.13% | 1.04% | -8.80% | -9.25% | 1.65% | 24.93% | 1.95% |
| May | -0.10% | 2.21% | -10.18% | 21.04% | 6.47% | 1.85% | 3.55% |
| Jun | -7.70% | -11.02% | 10.32% | 9.91% | 2.92% | 9.24% | 2.28% |
| Jul | 0.40% | 19.75% | -9.38% | 11.31% | 8.58% | -13.02% | 2.94% |
| Aug | 6.46% | 1.45% | -4.19% | -2.20% | 2.40% | -3.87% | 0.01% |
| Sep | -3.25% | -2.07% | -6.15% | 4.81% | 5.82% | -1.06% | -0.32% |
| Oct | 0.00% | 12.73% | -16.92% | 8.41% | 5.76% | -4.23%* | 0.96% |
| Nov | -3.38% | 5.48% | 10.49% | 10.04% | 0.56% | -- | 4.64% |
| Dec | 4.37% | -3.86% | 4.38% | -12.20% | -0.31% | -- | -1.52% |
| Total | 28.85% | 24.36% | -32.40% | 38.45% | 38.21% | 5.20% | 17.11% |
Quick-reference for reading the values below. Indicators combine to confirm a view — no single one is a trade signal on its own.
- SMA 20 / 50 / 200 — price above = uptrend, below = downtrend. SMA 50 crossing SMA 200 is the golden/death cross.
- EMA 12 / 26 — faster-reacting averages; 12 above 26 is short-term bullish.
- MACD — bullish when MACD > signal (green badge), bearish when below. Divergence from price often precedes reversals.
- ADX (14) — trend strength regardless of direction. <20 range, 20–25 weak trend, 25–50 trend, >50 strong trend.
- +DI / −DI — +DI > −DI favors bulls; the reverse favors bears. Read alongside ADX.
- RSI (14) — <30 oversold, >70 overbought. 40–60 is neutral; trending names can stay extreme.
- Stochastic %K / %D — <20 oversold, >80 overbought. %K crossing %D is an early momentum signal.
- Williams %R — inverted scale: <−80 oversold, >−20 overbought.
Oscillators work best in range-bound markets; in strong trends they give premature reversal signals.
- Bollinger Bands — price at upper band = overbought, lower = oversold. Narrow bands (squeeze) often precede expansion.
- OBV — cumulative volume; rising OBV confirms uptrend, falling OBV confirms downtrend. Divergence from price is a warning.
- Vol SMA 20 / Vol ROC — today's volume vs. 20-day average. Positive ROC with price move = conviction.
- ATR / True Range — average daily $ move; sizing and stop-loss reference.
- HV 20 / 30 / 60 — realized (historical) volatility. Compare to IV on the options cards: IV > HV = rich premium.
Confluence matters: trend + momentum + volume agreeing carries far more weight than any single indicator. For how these feed the spread scanner score, see the algorithm docs →
Trend Indicators
Momentum Oscillators
Volume & Volatility
Data Summary
Here is the stock analysis report for VMI:
Executive Summary
- Overall Assessment: NEUTRAL (Confidence Level: 6/10)
- Key Drivers: Strong technical signals, positive news sentiment
- Primary Risks: High volatility, potential sell-off if momentum indicators correct
- Investment Thesis: VMI's recent uptrend is driven by technical momentum and positive news sentiment. However, high volatility and mixed signals from momentum indicators create uncertainty.
- Recent News Sentiment Impact: Positive sentiment from recent news headlines contributes to the bullish trend.
Technical Analysis
- Trend Direction:
- Short-term (1-4 weeks): Uptrend
- Medium-term (1-3 months): Uptrend
- Long-term (3-12 months): Uptrend
- Support/Resistance Levels: $548.74 (SMA 20), $516.96 (SMA 50), $441.83 (SMA 200)
- Momentum Signals:
- RSI: Neutral (59.74) - no clear buy/sell signal
- MACD: Bullish momentum (17.41 / Signal: 1.16 / Histogram: 16.25)
- Bollinger Bands: Neutral (Upper: $588.53, Middle: $548.74, Lower: $508.94)
News & Sentiment Analysis
- Recent Headlines Summary:
- S&P 500 Eases On Iran Ceasefire Jitters - positive sentiment
- Lindsay Corporation: A Classic Buy-the-Dip Opportunity - neutral sentiment
- Transmission Towers Market Report and Utility Poles Market Size forecasts - positive sentiment
- Sentiment Assessment: Positive (aggregate sentiment)
- Catalyst Identification:
- Upcoming earnings release (no specific date available)
Risk & Volatility Assessment
- Beta Interpretation: High risk (1.22) relative to market (SPY)
- Volatility Regime: High volatility (0.30)
- Options Market Signals:
- IV Rank: Low (20.4%)
- Put/Call Volume Ratio: 7.07 (Bearish sentiment)
- Downside Protection: Support levels at $548.74, $516.96, and $441.83
Market Context & Positioning
- Sector Performance: VMI's sector (Utilities) has outperformed the broader market
- Institutional Activity: No clear institutional interest signals
- Correlation Analysis:
- R-squared interpretation: 0.50 - moderate correlation with market
- Relative Valuation: VMI is trading within a reasonable range relative to its peers and market
Key Levels & Action Items
- Critical Price Levels: Support at $548.74, $516.96, and $441.83
- Breakout/Breakdown Levels:
- Uptrend continuation: above $588.53 (Upper Bollinger Band)
- Downtrend confirmation: below $508.94 (Lower Bollinger Band)
- Time-Sensitive Catalysts: Earnings release (no specific date available)
- Risk Management: Monitor RSI and MACD signals for potential sell signals, adjust position sizing accordingly.
Please note that this analysis is based on the provided data and should not be taken as investment advice.
| Earnings Date | Timing | Expected Move | Actual Move | Ratio | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2021-02-18 | Pre-Market | 5.38% | 0.35% | 0.07x | Within |
| 2021-04-22 | Pre-Market | 8.44% | 2.43% | 0.29x | Within |
| 2021-07-22 | Pre-Market | 7.14% | 0.21% | 0.03x | Within |
| 2021-10-21 | Pre-Market | 5.26% | 5.68% | 1.08x | Exceeded |
| 2022-02-17 | Pre-Market | 4.48% | 1.54% | 0.34x | Within |
| 2022-07-21 | Pre-Market | 6.07% | 6.12% | 1.01x | Exceeded |
| 2022-10-27 | Pre-Market | 6.78% | 2.79% | 0.41x | Within |
| 2023-02-23 | Pre-Market | 4.33% | 6.43% | 1.48x | Exceeded |
| 2023-04-21 | Pre-Market | 4.69% | 0.90% | 0.19x | Within |
| 2023-07-27 | Pre-Market | 6.85% | 7.68% | 1.12x | Exceeded |
| 2023-10-26 | Pre-Market | 7.48% | 13.95% | 1.86x | Exceeded |
| 2024-02-22 | Pre-Market | 7.14% | 3.48% | 0.49x | Within |
| 2024-05-02 | Pre-Market | 7.03% | 17.75% | 2.52x | Exceeded |
| 2024-07-25 | Pre-Market | 8.14% | 10.61% | 1.30x | Exceeded |
| 2024-10-23 | Pre-Market | 7.68% | 10.40% | 1.35x | Exceeded |
| 2025-02-18 | unknown | 2.75% | 2.58% | 0.94x | Within |
| 2025-04-22 | Pre-Market | 11.71% | 3.25% | 0.28x | Within |
| 2025-07-22 | Pre-Market | 8.44% | 6.53% | 0.77x | Within |
| 2025-10-21 | Pre-Market | 9.49% | 1.36% | 0.14x | Within |
| 2026-02-17 | Pre-Market | 6.39% | 6.32% | 0.99x | Within |
| 2026-04-21 | Pre-Market | 8.60% | 11.93% | 1.39x | Exceeded |
| 2026-07-21 | Pre-Market | 10.03% | 3.90% | 0.39x | Within |
| 2026-10-20 | Pre-Market | 9.10% | 0.35% | 0.04x | Within |
Earnings calendar: this week’s reports with expected vs actual moves →
VMI Options Activity & IV Rank
VMI IV rank history, 52-week IV rank and IV percentile →
Volatility Metrics
Options Flow
ATM Options Pricing
Chain Summary
Each spread is ranked by a composite score built in three stages. Full documentation →
score = P(profit) × (credit / spread_width)
P(profit) from short leg delta (1 − |delta|), penalised above 85%. Credit uses mid-price to handle illiquid chains fairly.
RR and BF (30-delta) from the persisted per-symbol skew snapshot — wing strikes picked by real greeks.delta, not a moneyness proxy. Put skew boosts bull puts, penalises bear calls. High butterfly boosts iron condors. Calendars are skew-neutral.
- RSI <40 bullish / >60 bearish
- MACD crossover + histogram trend
- Price vs SMA 50 & SMA 200
- Stochastic %K <20 / >80
- Williams %R <−80 / >−20
- Blended ATR + straddle expected-move penalty
- Bollinger Band signal (+ counter-trend penalty)
- BB width — vol contraction boost for ICs
- IV rank ≥ 75 → strong boost for credit spreads
- IV rank < 25 → penalty (selling cheap vol)
- Min open interest across all legs
- OI < 100 → −0.10 · OI < 500 → −0.05
score = base_score × skew_multiplier × tech_multiplier
Both multipliers are shown per spread. Beta is informational only — ATR already captures realized vol. Full algorithm documentation →
Enter a ticker to scan for optimal spread opportunities.
Evaluates all bull put, bear call, iron condor, and calendar spread combinations using GPU-accelerated analysis.
Estimated net dealer gamma is at the 8th percentile of this name's own daily history, near the low end of its range. This describes current positioning; it is not a forecast or a trading signal.
Net dealer gamma is an estimate of the aggregate gamma held by options market makers across this name's option chain, weighted by open interest. Dealer positions aren't public, so it uses a standard simplifying assumption: dealers are treated as long the calls and short the puts that are open. Actual dealer books can differ.
Gamma percentile ranks today's estimate against this name's own daily history, from 0% (the lowest reading on record) to 100% (the highest). Raw gamma scales with how much open interest a chain carries, so it isn't comparable across names; the percentile is. The badge marks the bottom 20% as low and the top 20% as high.
Tilts run from −1 to +1 and show how lopsided the estimated dealer exposure is. GEX tilt compares call gamma with put gamma. Vanna tilt describes how the hedge would shift if implied volatility changed, and charm tilt how it would shift with the passage of time.
This card describes estimated positioning and where it sits historically. It is not a forecast of price direction or volatility and not a trading signal. Market-wide view: Dealer positioning screener.
IV(put wing) − IV(ATM), in vol pointsHow much the OTM put trades above (or below) the at-the-money strike. Measures the height of the put-side tail relative to ATM — i.e. how expensive crash insurance is on this name.
- Positive (typical) — wing IV > ATM IV. Standard equity put skew: portfolios bid up crash protection, so OTM puts trade richer than ATM.
- Near zero or negative (unusual) — wing IV ≤ ATM IV. Flat or inverted put side. Common when there's no fear demand, in tightly mean-reverting names, or right after an earnings catalyst clears.
- Percentile vs own 3-yr history: high = wings rich (good time to sell wing premium); low = wings cheap (good time to buy protection).
- Not directional — high or low wings don't predict up or down moves. It's a price tag on tail insurance, not a forecast.
IV(call wing) − IV(put wing), equal delta on each sideWhich side of the smile is the market paying up for? Measures the tilt of the surface — call skew vs put skew at matched deltas.
- Negative (typical) — puts richer than calls. Standard equity behavior: hedging demand makes puts carry a premium. Most large-caps sit in the −1 to −5 vol-point range.
- Strongly negative (< −5 pts) — heavy downside hedging, elevated fear, or an upcoming catalyst (earnings, FDA, macro event). Worth flagging.
- Positive — calls richer than puts. Unusual for equities; signals bullish momentum, short-squeeze positioning, or takeover/M&A speculation.
- Near zero — symmetric surface. Market sees roughly equal up/down risk. Rare for large-caps; more common in commodities and FX.
Wing-vs-ATM tells you how expensive the tails are. Risk Reversal tells you which side is favored. Combined:
- High wing percentile + deeply negative RR → strong put bid; stress or major event priced in. Owning protection costs a premium; selling put premium is dangerous.
- Low wing percentile + near-zero RR → complacency; insurance cheap and balanced. Good environment to add cheap downside hedges.
- Positive RR + elevated wings → call-side fear-of-missing-out; common in squeeze setups. Upside calls expensive, downside puts not bid.
Percentile is the rank of today's reading within ~3 years of this symbol's own history. High percentile = wings are rich relative to history; not a directional signal. Skew is read off the chain in real time, not from CBOE SKEW.
Enter a ticker to render the implied volatility surface.
Enter a ticker to render the implied volatility smile.
Risk Metrics
Analysis Details
Data Points: 251
Period: 252 trading days
Above average volatility - stock moves with market amplification
| Investor | Value | Share of their portfolio | Rank | Q/Q shares | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Point72 Hedge fund Steve Cohen | $68.2M | #246 of 1945 | +149.0% | 13F | |
| Renaissance Technologies Hedge fund Jim Simons | $45.2M | #367 of 3138 | +55.5% | 13F | |
| Millennium Management Hedge fund Izzy Englander | $16.8M | #1236 of 3716 | -10.0% | 13F | |
| Citadel Hedge fund Ken Griffin | $11.6M | #1479 of 6285 | -36.1% | 13F | |
| Rockefeller Capital Management Family office Rockefeller family | $1.7M | #1451 of 4729 | +6.7% | 13F |
Hedge funds, activists, holding companies and family offices we track, from their latest 13F (quarter-end value) and Form 4 filings in the last 3 years. Family offices · all institutions
VMI Institutional Ownership (13F)
Latest filings — 2026-09-30Institutional managers with $100M+ AUM file Form 13F-HR quarterly, due 45 days after quarter end. Holdings are reported gross at quarter-end market value — they are a snapshot, not a real-time position.
- Shares — long equity positions in this name, aggregated across share classes.
- Calls / Puts — notional value of long call / put exposure where this ticker is the underlying.
- % of Float — holder's reported shares divided by the latest diluted shares outstanding. Sums above 100% indicate large custodian / prime broker positions where the same shares are reported by multiple filers.
- Custodian badge — filers with more than 5,000 holdings are typically broker-dealers / custodians reporting customer-held shares, not active managers.
Each filer is counted once at its latest 13F-HR filing. New filings are ingested on a weekly cadence.
| # | Filer | Notional Value | % of Total | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Susquehanna International Group, LLP Custodian | $9.59M | 34.43% | 2026-06-30 |
| 2 | Jane Street Group, LLC Custodian | $8.49M | 30.49% | 2026-06-30 |
| 3 | Citadel Advisors LLC Custodian | $3.64M | 13.07% | 2026-06-30 |
| 4 | Wolverine Trading, LLC Custodian | $1.80M | 6.45% | 2025-09-30 |
| 5 | Twin Tree Management, LP | $1.73M | 6.22% | 2026-06-30 |
| 6 | IMC-Chicago, LLC Custodian | $1.27M | 4.56% | 2026-06-30 |
| 7 | Squarepoint Ops LLC | $635.36K | 2.28% | 2026-06-30 |
| 8 | Simplex Trading, LLC Custodian | $519.84K | 1.87% | 2026-06-30 |
| 9 | Walleye Trading LLC | $115.52K | 0.41% | 2026-06-30 |
| 10 | GROUP ONE TRADING LLC Custodian | $57.76K | 0.21% | 2026-06-30 |
| # | Filer | Notional Value | % of Total | Period |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | SCOPUS ASSET MANAGEMENT, L.P. | $11.55M | 38.49% | 2026-06-30 |
| 2 | Susquehanna International Group, LLP Custodian | $6.70M | 22.33% | 2026-06-30 |
| 3 | Citadel Advisors LLC Custodian | $4.33M | 14.43% | 2026-06-30 |
| 4 | Jane Street Group, LLC Custodian | $2.08M | 6.93% | 2026-06-30 |
| 5 | IMC-Chicago, LLC Custodian | $2.02M | 6.74% | 2026-06-30 |
| 6 | GROUP ONE TRADING LLC Custodian | $1.44M | 4.81% | 2026-06-30 |
| 7 | Wells Fargo & Company Custodian | $1.04M | 3.46% | 2026-06-30 |
| 8 | Wolverine Trading, LLC Custodian | $611.62K | 2.04% | 2025-09-30 |
| 9 | Simplex Trading, LLC Custodian | $115.52K | 0.38% | 2026-06-30 |
| 10 | Walleye Trading LLC | $57.76K | 0.19% | 2026-06-30 |
| 11 | Carmel Capital Partners, LLC | $57.76K | 0.19% | 2026-06-30 |
VMI Insider Trading (Form 4)
Latest: 2026-09-09| Filed | Reporter | Role | Action | Shares | Avg Price | Net $ | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-09-09 | Toni Hickey | CLO and Corporate Secretary | Award (A) | +310 | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-08-19 | Renee L Campbell | SVP, Capital Markets & Risk | Mixed | +237 | $356.87 | -$89.7K | EDGAR |
| 2026-08-03 | Avner M Applbaum | President and CEO | Tax (F) | −162 | $481.70 | -$78.0K | EDGAR |
| 2026-08-03 | Avner M Applbaum | President and CEO | Tax (F) | −162 | $481.70 | -$78.0K | EDGAR |
| 2026-07-30 | John L Schwietz | Executive VP and CFO | Tax (F) | −24 | $456.29 | -$11.0K | EDGAR |
| 2026-07-29 | Theodor Werner Freye | Director | Sell (S) | −800 | $495.00 | -$396.0K | EDGAR |
| 2026-07-24 | John L Schwietz | Executive VP and CFO | Buy (P) | +208 | $486.15 | $101.1K | EDGAR |
| 2026-05-07 | Renee L Campbell | SVP, Capital Markets & Risk | Sell (S) | −412 | $522.45 | -$215.2K | EDGAR |
| 2026-05-07 | Renee L Campbell | SVP, Capital Markets & Risk | Sell (S) | −412 | $522.45 | -$215.2K | EDGAR |
| 2026-04-28 | Mogens C Bay | Director | Mixed | −17,159 | $492.34 | -$8.62M | EDGAR |
| 2026-04-28 | Deborah H Caplan | Director | Award (A) | +341 | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-04-28 | Ritu Favre | Director | Award (A) | +341 | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-04-28 | Theodor Werner Freye | Director | Award (A) | +341 | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-04-28 | Richard Andrew Lanoha | Director | Award (A) | +341 | — | EDGAR | |
| 2026-04-28 | Paul T Maass | Director | Award (A) | +341 | — | EDGAR |
VMI Insider Holdings
26 insiders · @ $448.48| # | Insider | Role | Shares | Disclosed Exposure | Lifetime OM Net | Filings | Last Filed |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mogens C Bay | Director | 117,259 | $52.59M | -$84.41M | 53 | 2026-04-28 |
| 2 | Avner M Applbaum | President and CEO | 26,031 | $11.67M | $0 | 26 | 2026-08-03 |
| 3 | Daniel P Neary | Director | 24,837 | $11.14M | $0 | 20 | 2026-04-28 |
| 4 | John Timothy Donahue | Group President Infrastructure | 17,198 | $7.71M | -$782.7K | 10 | 2025-02-28 |
| 5 | Timothy P Francis | Chief Accounting Officer | 12,721 | $5.71M | -$3.01M | 44 | 2025-08-05 |
| 6 | R Andrew Massey | VP, Legal and Corp. Secretary | 11,169 | $5.01M | -$2.20M | 29 | 2026-02-25 |
| 7 | Catherine James Paglia | Director | 10,836 | $4.86M | $0 | 14 | 2026-04-28 |
| 8 | Diane M Larkin | EVP, Global Operations | 10,166 | $4.56M | -$1.17M | 18 | 2025-02-26 |
| 9 | James B. Milliken | Director | 8,902 | $3.99M | -$297.0K | 18 | 2026-04-28 |
| 10 | Daas Kaj den | Director | 8,644 | $3.88M | -$1.84M | 30 | 2024-11-20 |
VMI Board & Officers
As of SEC filings through Sep 9, 2026Directors 11
- Mogens C Bay · on file since Apr 2006
- Daniel P Neary · on file since Apr 2006
- James B. Milliken · since Dec 13, 2011
- Catherine James Paglia · since Feb 21, 2012
- Theodor Werner Freye · since Jun 1, 2015
- Richard Andrew Lanoha · since Oct 28, 2019
- Joan Robinson-Berry · since Sep 18, 2020
- Ritu Favre · since Sep 18, 2020
- Avner M Applbaum · listed since Aug 2023
- Deborah H Caplan · since Oct 27, 2024
- Paul T Maass · since Feb 22, 2026
Officers 12
- Avner M Applbaum · President and CEO · listed since Aug 2023
- Gregory Richard Turi · President, Infrastructure · listed since Dec 2025
- James Christopher Colwell · President, Infrastructure · listed since Dec 2025
- John L Schwietz · Executive VP and CFO · listed since Jul 2026
- William Eric Johnson · Chief Accounting Officer · since Oct 20, 2025
- Sobharani Mulukutla · Chief Information Officer · since Feb 23, 2026
- R Andrew Massey · VP, Legal and Corp. Secretary · listed since Feb 2022
- Toni Hickey · CLO and Corporate Secretary · since Sep 8, 2026
- ELlen S Dasher · VP, Global Taxation · since Apr 30, 2019
- Darryl R Matthews · Group Pres. Global Agriculture · since Oct 28, 2024
- Jennifer Paisley · SVP, Human Resources · since Oct 28, 2024
- Renee L Campbell · SVP, Capital Markets & Risk · listed since Feb 2026
Changes in the last 10 years (58)
| Sep 8, 2026 | Toni Hickey became CLO and Corporate Secretary |
| Jul 24, 2026 | John L Schwietz listed as Executive VP and CFO (previously Executive VP, CFO, Corp. Sec.) in SEC filings |
| Apr 8, 2026 | John L Schwietz became Executive VP, CFO, Corp. Sec. |
| Feb 25, 2026 | Renee L Campbell listed as SVP, Capital Markets & Risk (previously SVP, Investor Relations, Treas) in SEC filings |
| Feb 23, 2026 | Sobharani Mulukutla became Chief Information Officer |
| Feb 22, 2026 | Paul T Maass became a director |
| Dec 15, 2025 | James Christopher Colwell listed as President, Infrastructure (previously Pres.-Global TDS, Svc&Coating) in SEC filings |
| Dec 15, 2025 | Gregory Richard Turi listed as President, Infrastructure (previously Pres. Global Solar and Telecom) in SEC filings |
| Oct 20, 2025 | William Eric Johnson became Chief Accounting Officer |
| May 14, 2025 | The company announced the departure of John Timothy Donahue as Group President Infrastructure in an SEC filing |
| May 14, 2025 | The company announced the departure of Diane M Larkin as EVP, Global Operations in an SEC filing |
| Apr 28, 2025 | James Christopher Colwell became Pres.-Global TDS, Svc&Coating |
| Apr 28, 2025 | Gregory Richard Turi became Pres. Global Solar and Telecom |
| Nov 6, 2024 | Timothy P Francis listed as Chief Accounting Officer (previously Interim CFO) in SEC filings |
| Oct 28, 2024 | Jennifer Paisley became SVP, Human Resources |
| Oct 28, 2024 | Darryl R Matthews became Group Pres. Global Agriculture |
| Oct 27, 2024 | Deborah H Caplan became a director |
| Aug 22, 2024 | Thomas Liguori became EVP, CFO |
| May 14, 2024 | Aaron M Schapper reported in an SEC filing no longer being Group Pres. Agriculture & CSO |
| Feb 28, 2024 | John Timothy Donahue listed as Group President Infrastructure (previously EVP, Corp/Business Development) in SEC filings |
| Nov 16, 2023 | The company announced the departure of Gene Padgett as CAO in an SEC filing |
| Aug 2, 2023 | Avner M Applbaum listed as President and CEO (previously EVP & CFO) in SEC filings |
| Aug 2, 2023 | Avner M Applbaum first listed as a director in an SEC filing |
| Aug 2, 2023 | Aaron M Schapper listed as Group Pres. Agriculture & CSO (previously Group President Infrastructure) in SEC filings |
| Jul 14, 2023 | Timothy P Francis listed as Interim CFO (previously SVP & Finance Business Partner) in SEC filings |
| Jul 11, 2023 | The company announced the departure of Stephen G Kaniewski from the board in an SEC filing |
| Jul 11, 2023 | The company announced the departure of Stephen G Kaniewski as President and CEO in an SEC filing |
| Apr 24, 2023 | John Timothy Donahue became EVP, Corp/Business Development |
| Mar 1, 2023 | Thomas Mitchell Parnell listed as EVP, Human Resources (previously SVP, Human Resources) in SEC filings |
| Mar 1, 2023 | Aaron M Schapper listed as Group President Infrastructure (previously EVP Infrastructure) in SEC filings |
| Feb 27, 2023 | The company announced the departure of Clark T. Randt Jr. from the board in an SEC filing |
| Dec 19, 2022 | Timothy P Francis listed as SVP & Finance Business Partner (previously SVP and Corporate Controller) in SEC filings |
| Nov 1, 2022 | Gene Padgett became CAO |
| Feb 23, 2022 | R Andrew Massey listed as VP, Legal and Corp. Secretary (previously VP, Legal and Compliance) in SEC filings |
| Feb 22, 2022 | Renee L Campbell became SVP, Investor Relations, Treas |
| Sep 18, 2020 | Ritu Favre became a director |
| Sep 18, 2020 | Joan Robinson-Berry became a director |
| Jul 28, 2020 | Diane M Larkin became EVP, Global Operations |
| Apr 28, 2020 | Aaron M Schapper became EVP Infrastructure |
| Mar 30, 2020 | Avner M Applbaum became EVP & CFO |
| Dec 18, 2019 | Claudio Laterreur listed as SVP IT / CIO (previously SVP / CIO) in SEC filings |
| Nov 18, 2019 | Mark C Jaksich listed as Executive Vice President & CEO (previously Exec Vice President & CFO) in SEC filings |
| Oct 28, 2019 | Richard Andrew Lanoha became a director |
| Jun 4, 2019 | Timothy P Francis listed as SVP and Corporate Controller (previously Vice Pres & Corp Controller) in SEC filings |
| May 28, 2019 | Claudio Laterreur became SVP / CIO |
| May 1, 2019 | Mogens C Bay no longer listed as Chairman and CEO in SEC filings |
| Apr 30, 2019 | Thomas Mitchell Parnell became SVP, Human Resources |
| Apr 30, 2019 | Teresa M Hecker became VP, Internal Audit |
| Apr 30, 2019 | R Andrew Massey became VP, Legal and Compliance |
| Apr 30, 2019 | ELlen S Dasher became VP, Global Taxation |
| Dec 19, 2018 | Vanessa Kay Brown listed as Sr VP Human Resources (previously SVP Human Resources) in SEC filings |
| Dec 19, 2018 | Timothy P Francis listed as Vice Pres & Corp Controller (previously VP Corporate Controller) in SEC filings |
| Dec 19, 2018 | Stephen G Kaniewski first listed as a director in an SEC filing |
| Dec 19, 2018 | Mark C Jaksich listed as Exec Vice President & CFO (previously EVP & CFO) in SEC filings |
| Mar 5, 2018 | Stephen G Kaniewski listed as President and CEO (previously President and COO) in SEC filings |
| Jan 1, 2018 | Donna M Milrod became a director |
| Dec 19, 2017 | Vanessa Kay Brown listed as SVP Human Resources (previously VP Human Resources) in SEC filings |
| Dec 21, 2016 | Stephen G Kaniewski listed as President and COO (previously VP IT) in SEC filings |
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Not reported recently (13)
- Thomas Liguori · Last reported as EVP, CFO in an SEC filing dated Feb 25, 2026
- Timothy P Francis · Last reported as Chief Accounting Officer in an SEC filing dated Aug 5, 2025
- Daas Kaj den · Last reported as a director in an SEC filing dated Nov 20, 2024
- Thomas Mitchell Parnell · Last reported as EVP, Human Resources in an SEC filing dated Aug 15, 2024
- Claudio Laterreur · Last reported as SVP IT / CIO in an SEC filing dated Mar 1, 2023
- Walter Scott Jr · Last reported as a director in an SEC filing dated Apr 29, 2021
- Teresa M Hecker · Last reported as VP, Internal Audit in an SEC filing dated Mar 11, 2021
- Mark C Jaksich · Last reported as Executive Vice President & CEO in an SEC filing dated Mar 10, 2020
- Donna M Milrod · Last reported as a director in an SEC filing dated May 1, 2019
- Vanessa Kay Brown · Last reported as Sr VP Human Resources in an SEC filing dated Dec 20, 2018
- John A Kehoe · Last reported as VP Info Technology and CIO in an SEC filing dated Sep 13, 2018
- Kenneth E Stinson · Last reported as a director in an SEC filing dated Apr 27, 2017
- Barry Ruffalo · Last reported as EVP Operational Excellence in an SEC filing dated Mar 14, 2017
VMI Proposed Insider Sales (Form 144)
Latest: 2026-07-27What is Form 144? A notice of intent to sell restricted or control stock under Rule 144. Affiliates (officers, directors, 10%+ owners) and holders of restricted shares must file Form 144 when planning to sell more than 5,000 shares or $50,000 in any 3-month rolling window.
How it relates to Form 4: Form 144 is filed before the trade (up to 90 days in advance); Form 4 is filed within 2 business days after the trade executes. Not every Form 144 results in a sale — the filer may cancel or delay. Look for the corresponding Form 4 on the Insider Activity card to confirm a sale actually happened.
10b5-1 plans: Trades made under a pre-scheduled Rule 10b5-1 plan are not discretionary — they execute automatically on dates set months earlier, regardless of news. High 10b5-1 percentages mean less per-filing signal value, though cumulative selling volume still matters.
"Notice value": Aggregate market value the filer wrote into the Form 144 — i.e. the size of the planned sale, not necessarily the executed dollars. An amended notice (Form 144/A) replaces the original it amends, and cancelled notices are dropped, so neither is double-counted above. A filed value that is clearly inconsistent with the share count at the stock's price (a filer typo) shows as a dash and is left out of the totals.
Source & freshness: Sourced from public Form 144 filings. Refreshed daily; new filings typically appear here the morning after they are filed.
| Filed | Filer | Role | Shares | Notice Value | Planned Sale | Broker | Plan | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026-07-27 | Freye Theodor Werner | Director | 800 | $396.0K | 2026-07-27 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | — | EDGAR |
| 2026-05-06 | Campbell Renee L | Member of immediate family of any of the foregoing | 412 | $215.2K | 2026-05-06 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | — | EDGAR |
| 2026-04-24 | MASSEY R ANDREW | Former Officer | 1,550 | $755.2K | 2026-04-24 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | — | EDGAR |
| 2026-04-24 | MOGENS C. BAY | Director | 17,500 | $8.62M | 2026-04-24 | Morgan Stanley Smith Barney LLC … | — | EDGAR |
| 2025-10-23 | Colwell James Christopher | Officer | 375 | $154.0K | 2025-10-23 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | — | EDGAR |
| 2025-08-25 | Campbell Renee L | Officer | 670 | $251.2K | 2025-08-25 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | — | EDGAR |
| 2025-08-01 | Francis Timothy P | Officer | 2,867 | $1.03M | 2025-08-01 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | — | EDGAR |
| 2025-07-24 | Donahue John Timothy | Officer | 5,204 | $1.85M | 2025-07-24 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | — | EDGAR |
| 2025-02-25 | Freye Theodor Werner | Director | 1,000 | $348.0K | 2025-02-25 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | — | EDGAR |
| 2025-02-19 | Larkin Diane M | Officer | 3,133 | $1.17M | 2025-02-19 | Fidelity Brokerage Services LLC | — | EDGAR |
| Filing Date | Accession | Link |
|---|---|---|
| 2026-06-01 | 0001104659-26-068929 | EDGAR |
| 2026-04-21 | 0001104659-26-045698 | EDGAR |
| 2026-04-15 | 0000102729-26-000014 | EDGAR |
| 2026-04-09 | 0001104659-26-041226 | EDGAR |
| 2026-03-06 | 0001104659-26-024717 | EDGAR |
| 2026-02-25 | 0000102729-26-000010 | EDGAR |
| 2026-02-17 | 0001104659-26-015732 | EDGAR |
| 2025-10-24 | 0000102729-25-000050 | EDGAR |
| 2025-10-21 | 0000102729-25-000044 | EDGAR |
| 2025-07-22 | 0001558370-25-009354 | EDGAR |
| Filing Date | Accession | Link |
|---|---|---|
| 2026-02-24 | 0000102729-26-000007 | EDGAR |
| 2025-02-25 | 0000102729-25-000009 | EDGAR |
| 2024-02-28 | 0000102729-24-000013 | EDGAR |
| 2023-03-01 | 0000102729-23-000019 | EDGAR |
| 2022-02-23 | 0000102729-22-000008 | EDGAR |
| 2021-02-24 | 0000102729-21-000012 | EDGAR |
| 2020-02-26 | 0000102729-20-000004 | EDGAR |
| 2019-02-27 | 0000102729-19-000003 | EDGAR |
| 2018-02-28 | 0000102729-18-000008 | EDGAR |
| 2017-03-01 | 0001628280-17-002033 | EDGAR |
| Filing Date | Accession | Link |
|---|---|---|
| 2026-04-28 | 0000102729-26-000020 | EDGAR |
| 2025-10-28 | 0000102729-25-000053 | EDGAR |
| 2025-07-31 | 0000102729-25-000039 | EDGAR |
| 2025-04-30 | 0000102729-25-000017 | EDGAR |
| 2024-10-30 | 0000102729-24-000054 | EDGAR |
| 2024-07-31 | 0000102729-24-000039 | EDGAR |
| 2024-05-08 | 0000102729-24-000025 | EDGAR |
| 2023-11-06 | 0000102729-23-000058 | EDGAR |
| 2023-08-01 | 0000102729-23-000046 | EDGAR |
| 2023-04-26 | 0000102729-23-000025 | EDGAR |
| # | ETF | Provider | Weight | $ Exposure | ETF AUM | As Of |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | IJH iShares Core S&P Mid-Cap ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.25% | $311.7M | $123.0B | 2026-10-20 |
| 2 | VTI Vanguard Morningstar Total Stock Market ETF | Vanguard | 0.01% | $267.1M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 3 | VB Vanguard Morningstar Small-Cap ETF | Vanguard | 0.11% | $191.1M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 4 | VBR Vanguard Morningstar Small-Cap Value ETF | Vanguard | 0.19% | $124.4M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 5 | VXF Vanguard Extended Market ETF | Vanguard | 0.11% | $100.6M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 6 | PAVE Global X U.S. Infrastructure Development ETF | Global X | 0.53% | $72.8M | — | 2026-10-21 |
| 7 | DFAS Dimensional US Small Cap ETF | Dimensional | 0.20% | $66.5M | — | 2026-10-20 |
| 8 | MDY State Street® SPDR® S&P MIDCAP 400® ETF Trust | SPDR (State Street) | 0.25% | $65.2M | $25.8B | 2026-10-20 |
| 9 | XMHQ Invesco S&P MidCap Quality ETF | Invesco | 1.09% | $60.8M | — | 2026-10-20 |
| 10 | FIW First Trust Water ETF | First Trust | 2.93% | $51.5M | $1.8B | 2026-10-20 |
| 11 | SCHA Schwab U.S. Small-Cap ETF | Nport | 0.22% | $49.2M | — | 2026-05-31 |
| 12 | PHO Invesco Water Resources ETF | Invesco | 2.42% | $47.4M | — | 2026-10-20 |
| 13 | SPMD State Street® SPDR® Portfolio S&P 400™ Mid Cap ETF | SPDR (State Street) | 0.25% | $46.9M | $18.4B | 2026-10-20 |
| 14 | IWR iShares Russell Mid-Cap ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.06% | $35.8M | $57.3B | 2026-10-20 |
| 15 | IJK iShares S&P Mid-Cap 400 Growth ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.30% | $31.4M | $10.5B | 2026-10-20 |
| 16 | DFAC Dimensional US Core Equity 2 ETF | Dimensional | 0.03% | $29.9M | — | 2026-10-20 |
| 17 | SCHM Schwab U.S. Mid-Cap ETF | Nport | 0.19% | $27.7M | — | 2026-05-31 |
| 18 | FNDA Schwab Fundamental U.S. Small Company ETF | Nport | 0.28% | $24.6M | — | 2026-05-31 |
| 19 | SDVY First Trust SMID Cap Rising Dividend Achievers ETF | First Trust | 0.22% | $24.2M | $11.1B | 2026-10-20 |
| 20 | IWD iShares Russell 1000 Value ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.02% | $19.0M | $84.5B | 2026-10-20 |
| 21 | IJJ iShares S&P Mid-Cap 400 Value ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.21% | $17.7M | $8.5B | 2026-10-20 |
| 22 | CSMD Congress SMid Growth ETF | Nport | 3.80% | $16.5M | — | 2026-04-30 |
| 23 | DCOR Dimensional US Core Equity 1 ETF | Dimensional | 0.03% | $15.2M | — | 2026-10-20 |
| 24 | IVOO Vanguard S&P Mid-Cap 400 ETF | Vanguard | 0.26% | $14.9M | — | 2026-09-30 |
| 25 | IFRA iShares U.S. Infrastructure ETF | iShares (BlackRock) | 0.34% | $13.7M | $4.0B | 2026-10-20 |
Quarterly filings sourced from SEC 10-Q / 10-K reports. TTM tiles aggregate the most recent four quarters; bars show the last ~12 quarters oldest → newest.
- Revenue — top-line sales. Look for consistent YoY growth; seasonal businesses need same-quarter comparisons (Q4 '24 vs Q4 '23).
- Net Income — bottom-line profit after all expenses. Can be volatile from one-time items; red bars = net loss.
- Diluted EPS — net income per share assuming options/converts are exercised. Direct input to the P/E ratio.
- Operating Cash Flow — cash generated from core operations, before capex and financing. Harder to manipulate than net income; growing OCF is a quality signal.
- Sequential growth — quarter-over-quarter trend. Accelerating bars are a momentum signal.
- YoY growth — compare to the same quarter a year earlier to remove seasonality.
- Quality — OCF should roughly track Net Income over time. Large divergence (net income ≫ OCF) flags accruals risk.
- Margins — scan the bar ratios: Net Income / Revenue tells you margin trend without needing a separate chart.
TTM (trailing-twelve-month) smooths seasonality and is used for the P/E calculation. Filings appear 30–90 days after the period closes.
Quarterly figures (12 quarters)
| Quarter | Period End | Revenue | Net Income | Diluted EPS | Op. Cash Flow |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q2 '26 | 2026-06-27 | $1.12B | $119.92M | $6.14 | $148.11M |
| Q1 '26 | 2026-03-28 | $1.03B | $108.03M | $5.51 | $103.47M |
| Q4 '25 | 2025-12-27 | $1.04B | $178.75M | $8.99 | $111.24M |
| Q3 '25 | 2025-09-27 | $1.05B | $99.03M | $4.98 | $112.50M |
| Q2 '25 | 2025-06-28 | $1.05B | $-30.26M | $-1.53 | $167.61M |
| Q1 '25 | 2025-03-29 | $969.31M | $87.26M | $4.32 | $65.13M |
| Q4 '24 | 2024-12-28 | $1.04B | $77.65M | $3.85 | $193.41M |
| Q3 '24 | 2024-09-28 | $1.02B | $83.07M | $4.11 | $225.12M |
| Q2 '24 | 2024-06-29 | $1.04B | $99.72M | $4.91 | $130.81M |
| Q1 '24 | 2024-03-30 | $977.83M | $87.82M | $4.32 | $23.33M |
| Q4 '23 | 2023-12-30 | $1.02B | $28.59M | $1.38 | $115.91M |
| Q3 '23 | 2023-09-30 | $1.05B | $-49.03M | $-2.34 | $81.32M |
Ratios derived from TTM financials and the current market price, sampled daily. History chart shows how expensive the stock is today relative to its own recent past.
- P/E — price / TTM earnings. Rough market rule: 10–15 value, 15–25 market, >30 growth/premium. Negative when earnings are negative.
- P/B — price / book value. Useful for financials and asset-heavy names; meaningless for asset-light software.
- P/S — price / TTM revenue. Useful when earnings are negative or noisy (early-stage growth).
- EV/EBITDA — capital-structure-neutral. <10 cheap, 10–15 reasonable, >20 rich. Good for comparing across leverage profiles.
- EV/Sales — like P/S but accounts for debt + cash. Compare within sector.
- ROE — return on equity. >15% strong, >25% exceptional. Caution: high leverage inflates ROE.
- ROA — return on assets. Leverage-neutral; >5% solid, >10% exceptional.
- Div Yield — annual dividend / price. Compare to 10Y Treasury; sustained yield >6% often signals distress.
- FCF Yield — free cash flow / market cap. >5% is attractive; negative means burning cash.
- Debt/Equity — leverage. <1 conservative, >2 aggressive. Sector-dependent (utilities naturally high, tech low).
- Current Ratio — short-term liquidity. >1.5 comfortable, <1 raises short-term solvency flags.
- Compare current level to the 3-year band: near the high end = relatively expensive; near the low = relatively cheap.
- Multiples expanding while earnings are flat = sentiment-driven rally.
- Multiples compressing while earnings grow = value coming from fundamentals.
Regulatory short-interest reports publish on a bi-weekly settlement cadence; short-volume is reported daily by the trade-reporting facilities. Float is derived from insider-ownership filings.
- Short Interest — total shares currently sold short as of the settlement date. Lags real time by ~8 business days.
- SI % of Float — short interest / free float. The key crowding metric.
- Days to Cover — short interest / avg daily volume. How many full trading days it would take shorts to buy back. High DTC + catalyst = squeeze fuel.
- Short Vol Ratio — today's short-sale volume / total volume. Intraday selling pressure proxy (not the same as short interest).
- Free Float — shares available for public trading (total shares minus insider / restricted).
- Float % — free float / shares outstanding. <50% = tightly held, more prone to squeezes.
- SI % of Float < 5% — typical, no particular signal.
- 5–15% — elevated; watch for catalysts (earnings, guidance, macro).
- 15–30% — heavily shorted; tight-float names in this range have produced notable squeezes historically.
- >30% — extreme; borrow is likely expensive and squeeze risk is material.
- Days to Cover > 5 combined with high SI% amplifies squeeze potential.
- Trend matters more than level. Rapidly rising short interest often precedes negative catalysts or heavy hedging.
- A sudden drop in SI after a rally may indicate a squeeze in progress.
Short interest is reported mid-month and end-of-month; short volume is daily.